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Gibberellin induces diploid pollen formation by interfering with meiotic cytokinesis

Bing Liu (UGent) , Nico De Storme (UGent) and Danny Geelen (UGent)
(2017) PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. 173(1). p.338-353
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Abstract
The plant hormone gibberellic acid (GA) controls many physiological processes, including cell differentiation, cell elongation, seed germination, and response to abiotic stress. In this study, we report that exogenous treatment of flowering Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants with GA specifically affects the process of male meiotic cytokinesis leading to meiotic restitution and the production of diploid (2n) pollen grains. Similar defects in meiotic cell division and reproductive ploidy stability occur in Arabidopsis plants depleted of RGA and GAI, two members of the DELLA family that function as suppressor of GA signaling. Cytological analysis of the double rga-24 gai-t6 mutant revealed that defects in male meiotic cytokinesis are not caused by alterations in meiosis I (MI or meiosis II (MII) chromosome dynamics, but instead result from aberrations in the spatial organization of the phragmoplast-like radial microtubule arrays (RMAs) at the end of meiosis II. In line with a role for GA in the genetic regulation of the male reproductive system, we additionally show that DELLA downstream targets MYB33 and MYB65 are redundantly required for functional RMA biosynthesis and male meiotic cytokinesis. By analyzing the expression of pRGA:: GFP-RGA in the wild-type Landsberg erecta background, we demonstrate that the GFP-RGA protein is specifically expressed in the anther cell layers surrounding the meiocytes and microspores, suggesting that appropriate GA signaling in the somatic anther tissue is critical for male meiotic cell wall formation and thus plays an important role in consolidating the male gametophytic ploidy consistency.
Keywords
GAMYB-LIKE GENES, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, FLORAL DEVELOPMENT, ANTHER DEVELOPMENT, SEXUAL POLYPLOIDIZATION, MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS, REGULATORY NETWORKS, SEED-GERMINATION, FLOWERING PLANTS, GAMETE FORMATION

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MLA
Liu, Bing, et al. “Gibberellin Induces Diploid Pollen Formation by Interfering with Meiotic Cytokinesis.” PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, vol. 173, no. 1, 2017, pp. 338–53, doi:10.1104/pp.16.00480.
APA
Liu, B., De Storme, N., & Geelen, D. (2017). Gibberellin induces diploid pollen formation by interfering with meiotic cytokinesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 173(1), 338–353. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.00480
Chicago author-date
Liu, Bing, Nico De Storme, and Danny Geelen. 2017. “Gibberellin Induces Diploid Pollen Formation by Interfering with Meiotic Cytokinesis.” PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 173 (1): 338–53. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.00480.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Liu, Bing, Nico De Storme, and Danny Geelen. 2017. “Gibberellin Induces Diploid Pollen Formation by Interfering with Meiotic Cytokinesis.” PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 173 (1): 338–353. doi:10.1104/pp.16.00480.
Vancouver
1.
Liu B, De Storme N, Geelen D. Gibberellin induces diploid pollen formation by interfering with meiotic cytokinesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. 2017;173(1):338–53.
IEEE
[1]
B. Liu, N. De Storme, and D. Geelen, “Gibberellin induces diploid pollen formation by interfering with meiotic cytokinesis,” PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, vol. 173, no. 1, pp. 338–353, 2017.
@article{8200648,
  abstract     = {{The plant hormone gibberellic acid (GA) controls many physiological processes, including cell differentiation, cell elongation, seed germination, and response to abiotic stress. In this study, we report that exogenous treatment of flowering Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants with GA specifically affects the process of male meiotic cytokinesis leading to meiotic restitution and the production of diploid (2n) pollen grains. Similar defects in meiotic cell division and reproductive ploidy stability occur in Arabidopsis plants depleted of RGA and GAI, two members of the DELLA family that function as suppressor of GA signaling. Cytological analysis of the double rga-24 gai-t6 mutant revealed that defects in male meiotic cytokinesis are not caused by alterations in meiosis I (MI or meiosis II (MII) chromosome dynamics, but instead result from aberrations in the spatial organization of the phragmoplast-like radial microtubule arrays (RMAs) at the end of meiosis II. In line with a role for GA in the genetic regulation of the male reproductive system, we additionally show that DELLA downstream targets MYB33 and MYB65 are redundantly required for functional RMA biosynthesis and male meiotic cytokinesis. By analyzing the expression of pRGA:: GFP-RGA in the wild-type Landsberg erecta background, we demonstrate that the GFP-RGA protein is specifically expressed in the anther cell layers surrounding the meiocytes and microspores, suggesting that appropriate GA signaling in the somatic anther tissue is critical for male meiotic cell wall formation and thus plays an important role in consolidating the male gametophytic ploidy consistency.}},
  author       = {{Liu, Bing and De Storme, Nico and Geelen, Danny}},
  issn         = {{0032-0889}},
  journal      = {{PLANT PHYSIOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{GAMYB-LIKE GENES,ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA,FLORAL DEVELOPMENT,ANTHER DEVELOPMENT,SEXUAL POLYPLOIDIZATION,MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS,REGULATORY NETWORKS,SEED-GERMINATION,FLOWERING PLANTS,GAMETE FORMATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{338--353}},
  title        = {{Gibberellin induces diploid pollen formation by interfering with meiotic cytokinesis}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.00480}},
  volume       = {{173}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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