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A personal, distributed exposimeter: procedure for design, calibration, validation, and application

Arno Thielens (UGent) , Peter Vanveerdeghem (UGent) , Patrick Van Torre (UGent) , Stephanie Gängler, Martin Röösli, Hendrik Rogier (UGent) , Luc Martens (UGent) and Wout Joseph (UGent)
(2016) SENSORS. 16(2).
Author
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Abstract
This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around 900 MHz (GSM 900 DL). The PDE is a sensor that consists of several body-worn antennas. The on-body location of these antennas is investigated using numerical simulations and calibration measurements in an anechoic chamber. The calibration measurements and the simulations result in a design (or on-body setup) of the PDE. This is used for validation measurements and indoor radio frequency (RF) exposure measurements in Ghent, Belgium. The main achievements of this paper are: first, the demonstration, using both measurements and simulations, that a PDE consisting of multiple on-body textile antennas will have a lower measurement uncertainty for personal RF exposure than existing on-body sensors; second, a validation of the PDE, which proves that the device correctly estimates the incident power densities; and third, a demonstration of the usability of the PDE for real exposure assessment measurements. To this aim, the validated PDE is used for indoor measurements in a residential building in Ghent, Belgium, which yield an average incident power density of 0.018 mW/m(2).
Keywords
ON-BODY CALIBRATION, MEAN EFFECTIVE GAIN, RADIOFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS, REALISTIC ENVIRONMENTS, EXPOSURE MEASUREMENTS, ELECTRIC-FIELD, RF DOSIMETERS, GHZ, VARIABILITY, ANTENNAS, radio frequency sensor, personal exposure assessment

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Citation

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MLA
Thielens, Arno et al. “A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application.” SENSORS 16.2 (2016): n. pag. Print.
APA
Thielens, A., Vanveerdeghem, P., Van Torre, P., Gängler, S., Röösli, M., Rogier, H., Martens, L., et al. (2016). A personal, distributed exposimeter: procedure for design, calibration, validation, and application. SENSORS, 16(2).
Chicago author-date
Thielens, Arno, Peter Vanveerdeghem, Patrick Van Torre, Stephanie Gängler, Martin Röösli, Hendrik Rogier, Luc Martens, and Wout Joseph. 2016. “A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application.” Sensors 16 (2).
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Thielens, Arno, Peter Vanveerdeghem, Patrick Van Torre, Stephanie Gängler, Martin Röösli, Hendrik Rogier, Luc Martens, and Wout Joseph. 2016. “A Personal, Distributed Exposimeter: Procedure for Design, Calibration, Validation, and Application.” Sensors 16 (2).
Vancouver
1.
Thielens A, Vanveerdeghem P, Van Torre P, Gängler S, Röösli M, Rogier H, et al. A personal, distributed exposimeter: procedure for design, calibration, validation, and application. SENSORS. BASEL: MDPI AG; 2016;16(2).
IEEE
[1]
A. Thielens et al., “A personal, distributed exposimeter: procedure for design, calibration, validation, and application,” SENSORS, vol. 16, no. 2, 2016.
@article{8159836,
  abstract     = {This paper describes, for the first time, the procedure for the full design, calibration, uncertainty analysis, and practical application of a personal, distributed exposimeter (PDE) for the detection of personal exposure in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) downlink (DL) band around 900 MHz (GSM 900 DL). The PDE is a sensor that consists of several body-worn antennas. The on-body location of these antennas is investigated using numerical simulations and calibration measurements in an anechoic chamber. The calibration measurements and the simulations result in a design (or on-body setup) of the PDE. This is used for validation measurements and indoor radio frequency (RF) exposure measurements in Ghent, Belgium. The main achievements of this paper are: first, the demonstration, using both measurements and simulations, that a PDE consisting of multiple on-body textile antennas will have a lower measurement uncertainty for personal RF exposure than existing on-body sensors; second, a validation of the PDE, which proves that the device correctly estimates the incident power densities; and third, a demonstration of the usability of the PDE for real exposure assessment measurements. To this aim, the validated PDE is used for indoor measurements in a residential building in Ghent, Belgium, which yield an average incident power density of 0.018 mW/m(2).},
  author       = {Thielens, Arno and Vanveerdeghem, Peter and Van Torre, Patrick and Gängler, Stephanie and Röösli, Martin and Rogier, Hendrik and Martens, Luc and Joseph, Wout},
  issn         = {1424-8220},
  journal      = {SENSORS},
  keywords     = {ON-BODY CALIBRATION,MEAN EFFECTIVE GAIN,RADIOFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS,REALISTIC ENVIRONMENTS,EXPOSURE MEASUREMENTS,ELECTRIC-FIELD,RF DOSIMETERS,GHZ,VARIABILITY,ANTENNAS,radio frequency sensor,personal exposure assessment},
  language     = {eng},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {23},
  publisher    = {MDPI AG},
  title        = {A personal, distributed exposimeter: procedure for design, calibration, validation, and application},
  url          = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16020180},
  volume       = {16},
  year         = {2016},
}
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