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Grading of mitral regurgitation based on intensity analysis of the continuous wave Doppler signal

Milad El Haddad (UGent) , Tine De Backer (UGent) , Marc De Buyzere (UGent) , Daniel Devos (UGent) , Abigail Swillens, Patrick Segers (UGent) and Frank Timmermans (UGent)
(2017) HEART. 103(3). p.190-197
Author
Organization
Abstract
Objectives: Echocardiographic methods are used to quantify mitral regurgitation (MR) severity; however, their applicability, accuracy and reproducibility have been debated. We aimed to develop and validate a novel custom-made transthoracic echocardiographic method for grading MR severity based on average pixel intensity (API) analysis of the continuous wave (CW) Doppler envelope. Methods: MR was assessed in 290 patients using API, colour Doppler imaging, vena contracta width (VCW) and proximal iso-velocity surface area (PISA) method. For the validation of the API method, a pulsatile in vitro cardiac phantom was used. Results: Indices of MR severity, such as left ventricular and atrial dimension, pulmonary arterial pressure, significantly cosegregate with API severity (p <= 0.002). The API method showed a linear correlation with colour Doppler (r=0.79), VCW (r=0.68), PISA-effective regurgitant orifice area (r=0.72) and PISA-regurgitant volume (r=0.67); p<0.001 for all. The API was significantly more applicable than VCW (95% vs 75% of all patients; p<0.001) and PISA-based methods (65%; p<0.001). Additionally, the API showed a stronger intraobserver and interobserver agreement compared with other methods. Finally, in the in vitro validation, API values showed a strong linear correlation with increasing regurgitant volumes (r=0.81; p<0.001). Conclusions: We showed the clinical feasibility and in vitro validation of a novel digital quantitative echocardiographic method to grade MR severity. This method is more applicable and has less interobserver and intraobserver variability compared with current quantitative methods.
Keywords
ISOVELOCITY SURFACE-AREA, QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT, ORIFICE AREA, FLOW-RATE, IN-VITRO, SEVERITY, QUANTIFICATION, HEART, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, RECOMMENDATIONS

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MLA
El Haddad, Milad, et al. “Grading of Mitral Regurgitation Based on Intensity Analysis of the Continuous Wave Doppler Signal.” HEART, vol. 103, no. 3, 2017, pp. 190–97, doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309510.
APA
El Haddad, M., De Backer, T., De Buyzere, M., Devos, D., Swillens, A., Segers, P., & Timmermans, F. (2017). Grading of mitral regurgitation based on intensity analysis of the continuous wave Doppler signal. HEART, 103(3), 190–197. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309510
Chicago author-date
El Haddad, Milad, Tine De Backer, Marc De Buyzere, Daniel Devos, Abigail Swillens, Patrick Segers, and Frank Timmermans. 2017. “Grading of Mitral Regurgitation Based on Intensity Analysis of the Continuous Wave Doppler Signal.” HEART 103 (3): 190–97. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309510.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
El Haddad, Milad, Tine De Backer, Marc De Buyzere, Daniel Devos, Abigail Swillens, Patrick Segers, and Frank Timmermans. 2017. “Grading of Mitral Regurgitation Based on Intensity Analysis of the Continuous Wave Doppler Signal.” HEART 103 (3): 190–197. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309510.
Vancouver
1.
El Haddad M, De Backer T, De Buyzere M, Devos D, Swillens A, Segers P, et al. Grading of mitral regurgitation based on intensity analysis of the continuous wave Doppler signal. HEART. 2017;103(3):190–7.
IEEE
[1]
M. El Haddad et al., “Grading of mitral regurgitation based on intensity analysis of the continuous wave Doppler signal,” HEART, vol. 103, no. 3, pp. 190–197, 2017.
@article{8050052,
  abstract     = {{Objectives: Echocardiographic methods are used to quantify mitral regurgitation (MR) severity; however, their applicability, accuracy and reproducibility have been debated. We aimed to develop and validate a novel custom-made transthoracic echocardiographic method for grading MR severity based on average pixel intensity (API) analysis of the continuous wave (CW) Doppler envelope. 
Methods: MR was assessed in 290 patients using API, colour Doppler imaging, vena contracta width (VCW) and proximal iso-velocity surface area (PISA) method. For the validation of the API method, a pulsatile in vitro cardiac phantom was used. 
Results: Indices of MR severity, such as left ventricular and atrial dimension, pulmonary arterial pressure, significantly cosegregate with API severity (p <= 0.002). The API method showed a linear correlation with colour Doppler (r=0.79), VCW (r=0.68), PISA-effective regurgitant orifice area (r=0.72) and PISA-regurgitant volume (r=0.67); p<0.001 for all. The API was significantly more applicable than VCW (95% vs 75% of all patients; p<0.001) and PISA-based methods (65%; p<0.001). Additionally, the API showed a stronger intraobserver and interobserver agreement compared with other methods. Finally, in the in vitro validation, API values showed a strong linear correlation with increasing regurgitant volumes (r=0.81; p<0.001). 
Conclusions: We showed the clinical feasibility and in vitro validation of a novel digital quantitative echocardiographic method to grade MR severity. This method is more applicable and has less interobserver and intraobserver variability compared with current quantitative methods.}},
  author       = {{El Haddad, Milad and De Backer, Tine and De Buyzere, Marc and Devos, Daniel and Swillens, Abigail and Segers, Patrick and Timmermans, Frank}},
  issn         = {{1355-6037}},
  journal      = {{HEART}},
  keywords     = {{ISOVELOCITY SURFACE-AREA,QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT,ORIFICE AREA,FLOW-RATE,IN-VITRO,SEVERITY,QUANTIFICATION,HEART,ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY,RECOMMENDATIONS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{190--197}},
  title        = {{Grading of mitral regurgitation based on intensity analysis of the continuous wave Doppler signal}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309510}},
  volume       = {{103}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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