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Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies

Merijn Vanhee (UGent) , Peter Delputte (UGent) , Iris Delrue (UGent) , Marc Geldhof (UGent) and Hans Nauwynck (UGent)
Author
Organization
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can induce reproductive disorders and is involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex, causing tremendous economic losses to the swine industry. Inactivated PRRSV vaccines are preferred over attenuated vaccines because of their safety and flexibility towards emerging virus strains, but the efficacy of current inactivated PRRSV vaccines is questionable. In this study, experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccines were developed, based on two formerly optimized inactivation procedures: UV irradiation and treatment with binary ethylenimine (BEI). In a first experiment, it was shown that vaccination with UV- or BEI-inactivated virus in combination with Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant induced virus-specific antibodies and strongly primed the virus-neutralizing (VN) antibody response. Subsequently, the influence of adjuvants on the immunogenicity of neutralizing epitopes on the inactivated virus was investigated. It was shown that vaccination with BEI-inactivated virus in combination with a commercial oil-in-water adjuvant induced high titers (3.4 log(2)) of VN antibodies in 6/6 pigs, instead of only priming the neutralizing antibody response. After challenge, neutralizing antibody titers in these vaccinated animals rose to a mean value of 5.5 log(2), and the duration of the viremia was reduced to an average of 1 week. This study shows that, by the use of an optimized inactivation procedure and a suitable adjuvant, inactivated PRRSV vaccines can be developed that induce VN antibodies and offer partial protection upon challenge.
Keywords
inactivated vaccine, PRRSV, RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME-VIRUS, MYSTERY SWINE DISEASE, EXPERIMENTAL REPRODUCTION, HETEROLOGOUS CHALLENGE, PASSIVE TRANSFER, IMMUNE-RESPONSE, LELYSTAD VIRUS, PIGS, PROTECTION, INFECTION

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MLA
Vanhee, Merijn, et al. “Development of an Experimental Inactivated PRRSV Vaccine That Induces Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies.” VETERINARY RESEARCH, vol. 40, no. 6, 2009, doi:10.1051/vetres/2009046.
APA
Vanhee, M., Delputte, P., Delrue, I., Geldhof, M., & Nauwynck, H. (2009). Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies. VETERINARY RESEARCH, 40(6). https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2009046
Chicago author-date
Vanhee, Merijn, Peter Delputte, Iris Delrue, Marc Geldhof, and Hans Nauwynck. 2009. “Development of an Experimental Inactivated PRRSV Vaccine That Induces Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies.” VETERINARY RESEARCH 40 (6). https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2009046.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Vanhee, Merijn, Peter Delputte, Iris Delrue, Marc Geldhof, and Hans Nauwynck. 2009. “Development of an Experimental Inactivated PRRSV Vaccine That Induces Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies.” VETERINARY RESEARCH 40 (6). doi:10.1051/vetres/2009046.
Vancouver
1.
Vanhee M, Delputte P, Delrue I, Geldhof M, Nauwynck H. Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies. VETERINARY RESEARCH. 2009;40(6).
IEEE
[1]
M. Vanhee, P. Delputte, I. Delrue, M. Geldhof, and H. Nauwynck, “Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies,” VETERINARY RESEARCH, vol. 40, no. 6, 2009.
@article{759249,
  abstract     = {{Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can induce reproductive disorders and is involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex, causing tremendous economic losses to the swine industry. Inactivated PRRSV vaccines are preferred over attenuated vaccines because of their safety and flexibility towards emerging virus strains, but the efficacy of current inactivated PRRSV vaccines is questionable. In this study, experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccines were developed, based on two formerly optimized inactivation procedures: UV irradiation and treatment with binary ethylenimine (BEI). In a first experiment, it was shown that vaccination with UV- or BEI-inactivated virus in combination with Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant induced virus-specific antibodies and strongly primed the virus-neutralizing (VN) antibody response. Subsequently, the influence of adjuvants on the immunogenicity of neutralizing epitopes on the inactivated virus was investigated. It was shown that vaccination with BEI-inactivated virus in combination with a commercial oil-in-water adjuvant induced high titers (3.4 log(2)) of VN antibodies in 6/6 pigs, instead of only priming the neutralizing antibody response. After challenge, neutralizing antibody titers in these vaccinated animals rose to a mean value of 5.5 log(2), and the duration of the viremia was reduced to an average of 1 week. This study shows that, by the use of an optimized inactivation procedure and a suitable adjuvant, inactivated PRRSV vaccines can be developed that induce VN antibodies and offer partial protection upon challenge.}},
  articleno    = {{63}},
  author       = {{Vanhee, Merijn and Delputte, Peter and Delrue, Iris and Geldhof, Marc and Nauwynck, Hans}},
  issn         = {{0928-4249}},
  journal      = {{VETERINARY RESEARCH}},
  keywords     = {{inactivated vaccine,PRRSV,RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME-VIRUS,MYSTERY SWINE DISEASE,EXPERIMENTAL REPRODUCTION,HETEROLOGOUS CHALLENGE,PASSIVE TRANSFER,IMMUNE-RESPONSE,LELYSTAD VIRUS,PIGS,PROTECTION,INFECTION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{15}},
  title        = {{Development of an experimental inactivated PRRSV vaccine that induces virus-neutralizing antibodies}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2009046}},
  volume       = {{40}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

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