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Spontaneous velocity effect of musical expression on self-paced walking

Jeska Buhmann (UGent) , Frank Desmet (UGent) , Bart Moens (UGent) , Edith Van Dyck (UGent) and Marc Leman (UGent)
(2016) PLOS ONE. 11(5).
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Abstract
The expressive features of music can influence the velocity of walking. So far, studies used instructed (and intended) synchronization. But is this velocity effect still present with non-instructed (spontaneous) synchronization? To figure that out, participants were instructed to walk in their own comfort tempo on an indoor track, first in silence and then with tempo-matched music. We compared velocities of silence and music conditions. The results show that some music has an activating influence, increasing velocity and motivation, while other music has a relaxing influence, decreasing velocity and motivation. The influence of musical expression on the velocity of self-paced walking can be predicted with a regression model using only three sonic features explaining 56% of the variance. Phase-coherence between footfall and beat did not contribute to the velocity effect, due to its implied fixed pacing. The findings suggest that the velocity effect depends on vigor entrainment that influences both stride length and pacing. Our findings are relevant for preventing injuries, for gait improvement in walking rehabilitation, and for improving performance in sports activities.
Keywords
FREQUENCY, BEAT, GROOVE, EXERCISE, SYNCHRONIZATION, OPTIMIZATION, TREADMILL, CORTEX, LENGTH, MODEL

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:

MLA
Buhmann, Jeska, et al. “Spontaneous Velocity Effect of Musical Expression on Self-Paced Walking.” PLOS ONE, vol. 11, no. 5, 2016, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154414.
APA
Buhmann, J., Desmet, F., Moens, B., Van Dyck, E., & Leman, M. (2016). Spontaneous velocity effect of musical expression on self-paced walking. PLOS ONE, 11(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154414
Chicago author-date
Buhmann, Jeska, Frank Desmet, Bart Moens, Edith Van Dyck, and Marc Leman. 2016. “Spontaneous Velocity Effect of Musical Expression on Self-Paced Walking.” PLOS ONE 11 (5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154414.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Buhmann, Jeska, Frank Desmet, Bart Moens, Edith Van Dyck, and Marc Leman. 2016. “Spontaneous Velocity Effect of Musical Expression on Self-Paced Walking.” PLOS ONE 11 (5). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154414.
Vancouver
1.
Buhmann J, Desmet F, Moens B, Van Dyck E, Leman M. Spontaneous velocity effect of musical expression on self-paced walking. PLOS ONE. 2016;11(5).
IEEE
[1]
J. Buhmann, F. Desmet, B. Moens, E. Van Dyck, and M. Leman, “Spontaneous velocity effect of musical expression on self-paced walking,” PLOS ONE, vol. 11, no. 5, 2016.
@article{7208849,
  abstract     = {{The expressive features of music can influence the velocity of walking. So far, studies used instructed (and intended) synchronization. But is this velocity effect still present with non-instructed (spontaneous) synchronization? To figure that out, participants were instructed to walk in their own comfort tempo on an indoor track, first in silence and then with tempo-matched music. We compared velocities of silence and music conditions. The results show that some music has an activating influence, increasing velocity and motivation, while other music has a relaxing influence, decreasing velocity and motivation. The influence of musical expression on the velocity of self-paced walking can be predicted with a regression model using only three sonic features explaining 56% of the variance. Phase-coherence between footfall and beat did not contribute to the velocity effect, due to its implied fixed pacing. The findings suggest that the velocity effect depends on vigor entrainment that influences both stride length and pacing. Our findings are relevant for preventing injuries, for gait improvement in walking rehabilitation, and for improving performance in sports activities.}},
  articleno    = {{e0154414}},
  author       = {{Buhmann, Jeska and Desmet, Frank and Moens, Bart and Van Dyck, Edith and Leman, Marc}},
  issn         = {{1932-6203}},
  journal      = {{PLOS ONE}},
  keywords     = {{FREQUENCY,BEAT,GROOVE,EXERCISE,SYNCHRONIZATION,OPTIMIZATION,TREADMILL,CORTEX,LENGTH,MODEL}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{19}},
  title        = {{Spontaneous velocity effect of musical expression on self-paced walking}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154414}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

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