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Possible influences on the interpretation of functional domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): an explorative study

Bert Celie, Jan Boone (UGent) , Jasmien Dumortier (UGent) , Wim Derave (UGent) , Tine De Backer (UGent) and Jan Bourgois (UGent)
(2016) APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY. 70(2). p.363-371
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Abstract
The influence of subcutaneous adipose tissue (ATT) and oxygen (O-2) delivery has been poorly defined in frequency domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of these variables on all FD NIRS responses using a reliable protocol. Moreover, these influences were also investigated when using relative oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin and -myoglobin (oxy[Hb+Mb] and deoxy[Hb+Mb]) values (in %). A regression analysis was carried out for ATT and maximal-minimum oxy[Hb+Mb], deoxy[Hb+Mb], oxygen saturation (SmO2), and total hemoglobin (totHb) amplitudes during an incremental cyclic contraction protocol (ICCP) in a group of 45 participants. Moreover, the same analysis was carried out between subcutaneous ATT and the relative oxy- and deoxy[Hb+Mb] values (in %). In the second part of this study, a regression analysis was performed for peak forearm blood flow (FBF) during ICCP and the absolute and relative NIRS values in a group of 37 participants. Significant exponential correlation coefficients were found between ATT and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.53; P<0.001), oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.57; P<0.001), and SmO2 amplitudes (r = 0.57; P<0.001). No significant relations were found between ATT and relative oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.37; P = 0.07) and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.09; P = 0.82). Significant positive correlation coefficients were found between force at exhaustion and maximal FBF (r = 0.66; P<0.001), maximal differences in deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.353; P = 0.032) and totHb (r = 0.512; P = 0.002) while no significant correlation coefficients were found between these maximal force values and maximal differences in oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.267; P = 0.111) and SmO2 (r = -0.267; P = 0.111). Significant linear correlation coefficients were found between FBF and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.51; P = 0.001), oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.50; P = 0.001), SmO2 (r = -0.54; P = 0.001), and totHb amplitude (r = 0.61; P<0.001). No significant correlations were found when using relative oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.01; P = 0.957) and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.02; P = 0.895). Based on these findings, caution is advised when using NIRS values, as subcutaneous ATT and O-2 delivery significantly influence NIRS measurements. To eliminate these influences, use of relative deoxy[Hb+Mb] is advised, especially in clinical settings or in people with a higher subcutaneous ATT layer.
Keywords
CYCLE ERGOMETER, UPTAKE KINETICS, INCREMENTAL HANDGRIP, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, FEMORAL BLOOD-GASES, ADIPOSE-TISSUE THICKNESS, Physiological calibration, Blood flow, ATT, Subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness, NIRS, Near-infrared spectroscopy, NITRIC-OXIDE, EXERCISE, OXYGENATION, DEOXYGENATION

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MLA
Celie, Bert, et al. “Possible Influences on the Interpretation of Functional Domain (FD) near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS): An Explorative Study.” APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY, vol. 70, no. 2, 2016, pp. 363–71, doi:10.1177/0003702815620562.
APA
Celie, B., Boone, J., Dumortier, J., Derave, W., De Backer, T., & Bourgois, J. (2016). Possible influences on the interpretation of functional domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): an explorative study. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY, 70(2), 363–371. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003702815620562
Chicago author-date
Celie, Bert, Jan Boone, Jasmien Dumortier, Wim Derave, Tine De Backer, and Jan Bourgois. 2016. “Possible Influences on the Interpretation of Functional Domain (FD) near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS): An Explorative Study.” APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 70 (2): 363–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003702815620562.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Celie, Bert, Jan Boone, Jasmien Dumortier, Wim Derave, Tine De Backer, and Jan Bourgois. 2016. “Possible Influences on the Interpretation of Functional Domain (FD) near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS): An Explorative Study.” APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 70 (2): 363–371. doi:10.1177/0003702815620562.
Vancouver
1.
Celie B, Boone J, Dumortier J, Derave W, De Backer T, Bourgois J. Possible influences on the interpretation of functional domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): an explorative study. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY. 2016;70(2):363–71.
IEEE
[1]
B. Celie, J. Boone, J. Dumortier, W. Derave, T. De Backer, and J. Bourgois, “Possible influences on the interpretation of functional domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): an explorative study,” APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 363–371, 2016.
@article{7157621,
  abstract     = {{The influence of subcutaneous adipose tissue (ATT) and oxygen (O-2) delivery has been poorly defined in frequency domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of these variables on all FD NIRS responses using a reliable protocol. Moreover, these influences were also investigated when using relative oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin and -myoglobin (oxy[Hb+Mb] and deoxy[Hb+Mb]) values (in %). A regression analysis was carried out for ATT and maximal-minimum oxy[Hb+Mb], deoxy[Hb+Mb], oxygen saturation (SmO2), and total hemoglobin (totHb) amplitudes during an incremental cyclic contraction protocol (ICCP) in a group of 45 participants. Moreover, the same analysis was carried out between subcutaneous ATT and the relative oxy- and deoxy[Hb+Mb] values (in %). In the second part of this study, a regression analysis was performed for peak forearm blood flow (FBF) during ICCP and the absolute and relative NIRS values in a group of 37 participants. Significant exponential correlation coefficients were found between ATT and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.53; P<0.001), oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.57; P<0.001), and SmO2 amplitudes (r = 0.57; P<0.001). No significant relations were found between ATT and relative oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.37; P = 0.07) and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.09; P = 0.82). Significant positive correlation coefficients were found between force at exhaustion and maximal FBF (r = 0.66; P<0.001), maximal differences in deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.353; P = 0.032) and totHb (r = 0.512; P = 0.002) while no significant correlation coefficients were found between these maximal force values and maximal differences in oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.267; P = 0.111) and SmO2 (r = -0.267; P = 0.111). Significant linear correlation coefficients were found between FBF and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = 0.51; P = 0.001), oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.50; P = 0.001), SmO2 (r = -0.54; P = 0.001), and totHb amplitude (r = 0.61; P<0.001). No significant correlations were found when using relative oxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.01; P = 0.957) and deoxy[Hb+Mb] (r = -0.02; P = 0.895). Based on these findings, caution is advised when using NIRS values, as subcutaneous ATT and O-2 delivery significantly influence NIRS measurements. To eliminate these influences, use of relative deoxy[Hb+Mb] is advised, especially in clinical settings or in people with a higher subcutaneous ATT layer.}},
  author       = {{Celie, Bert and Boone, Jan and Dumortier, Jasmien and Derave, Wim and De Backer, Tine and Bourgois, Jan}},
  issn         = {{0003-7028}},
  journal      = {{APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY}},
  keywords     = {{CYCLE ERGOMETER,UPTAKE KINETICS,INCREMENTAL HANDGRIP,SKELETAL-MUSCLE,FEMORAL BLOOD-GASES,ADIPOSE-TISSUE THICKNESS,Physiological calibration,Blood flow,ATT,Subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness,NIRS,Near-infrared spectroscopy,NITRIC-OXIDE,EXERCISE,OXYGENATION,DEOXYGENATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{363--371}},
  title        = {{Possible influences on the interpretation of functional domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): an explorative study}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1177/0003702815620562}},
  volume       = {{70}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

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