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A comparative study of ethylene emanation upon nitrogen deficiency in natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana

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Abstract
An original approach to develop sustainable agriculture with less nitrogen fertilizer inputs is to tackle the cross-talk between nitrogen nutrition and plant growth regulators. In particular the gaseous hormone, ethylene, is a prime target for that purpose. The variation of ethylene production in natural accessions of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana was explored in response to the nitrate supply. Ethylene was measured with a laser-based photoacoustic detector. First, experimental conditions were established with Columbia-0 (Col-0) accession, which was grown in vitro on horizontal plates across a range of five nitrate concentrations (0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, or 10 mM). The concentrations of 1 and 10 mM nitrate were retained for further characterization. Along with a decrease of total dry biomass and higher biomass allocation to the roots, the ethylene production was 50% more important at 1 mM than at 10 mM nitrate. The total transcript levels of 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID SYNTHASES (ACS) in roots and those of ACC OXIDASES (ACO) in shoots increased by 100% between the same treatments. This was mainly due to higher transcript levels of ACS6 and of ACO2 and ACO4 respectively. The assumption was that during nitrogen deficiency, the greater biomass allocation in favor of the roots was controlled by ethylene being released in the shoots after conversion of ACC originating from the roots. Second, biomass and ethylene productions were measured in 20 additional accessions. Across all accessions, the total dry biomass and ethylene production were correlated negatively at 1 mM but positively at 10 mM nitrate. Furthermore, polymorphism was surveyed in ACC and ethylene biosynthesis genes and gene products among accessions. Very few substitutions modifying the amino acids properties in conserved motifs of the enzymes were found in the accessions. Natural variation of ethylene production could be further explored to improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE), in particular by manipulating features like the biomass production and the timing of senescence upon nitrogen limitation.
Keywords
ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS, MAGNESIUM-DEFICIENCY, ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS, GENE-EXPRESSION, LEAF SENESCENCE, STRESS RESPONSES, STRATEGY-I PLANTS, QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, nitrogen, MUSTARD BRASSICA-JUNCEA, natural variation, ethylene, biomass, Arabidopsis

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MLA
De Gernier, Hugues, et al. “A Comparative Study of Ethylene Emanation upon Nitrogen Deficiency in Natural Accessions of Arabidopsis Thaliana.” FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE, vol. 7, 2016.
APA
De Gernier, H., De Pessemier, J., Xu, J., Cristescu, S. M., Van Der Straeten, D., Verbruggen, N., & Hermans, C. (2016). A comparative study of ethylene emanation upon nitrogen deficiency in natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE, 7.
Chicago author-date
De Gernier, Hugues, Jérôme De Pessemier, Jiajia Xu, Simona M Cristescu, Dominique Van Der Straeten, Nathalie Verbruggen, and Christian Hermans. 2016. “A Comparative Study of Ethylene Emanation upon Nitrogen Deficiency in Natural Accessions of Arabidopsis Thaliana.” FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 7.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
De Gernier, Hugues, Jérôme De Pessemier, Jiajia Xu, Simona M Cristescu, Dominique Van Der Straeten, Nathalie Verbruggen, and Christian Hermans. 2016. “A Comparative Study of Ethylene Emanation upon Nitrogen Deficiency in Natural Accessions of Arabidopsis Thaliana.” FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 7.
Vancouver
1.
De Gernier H, De Pessemier J, Xu J, Cristescu SM, Van Der Straeten D, Verbruggen N, et al. A comparative study of ethylene emanation upon nitrogen deficiency in natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE. 2016;7.
IEEE
[1]
H. De Gernier et al., “A comparative study of ethylene emanation upon nitrogen deficiency in natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana,” FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE, vol. 7, 2016.
@article{7138379,
  abstract     = {{An original approach to develop sustainable agriculture with less nitrogen fertilizer inputs is to tackle the cross-talk between nitrogen nutrition and plant growth regulators. In particular the gaseous hormone, ethylene, is a prime target for that purpose. The variation of ethylene production in natural accessions of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana was explored in response to the nitrate supply. Ethylene was measured with a laser-based photoacoustic detector. First, experimental conditions were established with Columbia-0 (Col-0) accession, which was grown in vitro on horizontal plates across a range of five nitrate concentrations (0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, or 10 mM). The concentrations of 1 and 10 mM nitrate were retained for further characterization. Along with a decrease of total dry biomass and higher biomass allocation to the roots, the ethylene production was 50% more important at 1 mM than at 10 mM nitrate. The total transcript levels of 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID SYNTHASES (ACS) in roots and those of ACC OXIDASES (ACO) in shoots increased by 100% between the same treatments. This was mainly due to higher transcript levels of ACS6 and of ACO2 and ACO4 respectively. The assumption was that during nitrogen deficiency, the greater biomass allocation in favor of the roots was controlled by ethylene being released in the shoots after conversion of ACC originating from the roots. Second, biomass and ethylene productions were measured in 20 additional accessions. Across all accessions, the total dry biomass and ethylene production were correlated negatively at 1 mM but positively at 10 mM nitrate. Furthermore, polymorphism was surveyed in ACC and ethylene biosynthesis genes and gene products among accessions. Very few substitutions modifying the amino acids properties in conserved motifs of the enzymes were found in the accessions. Natural variation of ethylene production could be further explored to improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE), in particular by manipulating features like the biomass production and the timing of senescence upon nitrogen limitation.}},
  articleno    = {{70}},
  author       = {{De Gernier, Hugues and De Pessemier, Jérôme and Xu, Jiajia and Cristescu, Simona M and Van Der Straeten, Dominique and Verbruggen, Nathalie and Hermans, Christian}},
  issn         = {{1664-462X}},
  journal      = {{FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE}},
  keywords     = {{ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS,MAGNESIUM-DEFICIENCY,ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS,GENE-EXPRESSION,LEAF SENESCENCE,STRESS RESPONSES,STRATEGY-I PLANTS,QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI,GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION,nitrogen,MUSTARD BRASSICA-JUNCEA,natural variation,ethylene,biomass,Arabidopsis}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{12}},
  title        = {{A comparative study of ethylene emanation upon nitrogen deficiency in natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

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