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Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube

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Abstract
We present the development and application of a generic analysis scheme for the measurement of neutrino spectra with the IceCube detector. This scheme is based on regularized unfolding, preceded by an event selection which uses a Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm to select the relevant variables and a random forest for the classification of events. The analysis has been developed using IceCube data from the 59-string configuration of the detector. 27,771 neutrino candidates were detected in 346 days of livetime. A rejection of 99.9999 % of the atmospheric muon background is achieved. The energy spectrum of the atmospheric neutrino flux is obtained using the TRUEE unfolding program. The unfolded spectrum of atmospheric muon neutrinos covers an energy range from 100 GeV to 1 PeV. Compared to the previous measurement using the detector in the 40-string configuration, the analysis presented here, extends the upper end of the atmospheric neutrino spectrum by more than a factor of two, reaching an energy region that has not been previously accessed by spectral measurements.
Keywords
AMANDA, SYSTEM, PERFORMANCE, 200 TEV, TELESCOPE, DETECTOR

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MLA
Aartsen, MG, et al. “Development of a General Analysis and Unfolding Scheme and Its Application to Measure the Energy Spectrum of Atmospheric Neutrinos with IceCube.” EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C, vol. 75, no. 3, 2015, doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3330-z.
APA
Aartsen, M., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Morik, K. (2015). Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube. EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C, 75(3). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3330-z
Chicago author-date
Aartsen, MG, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, M Ahrens, D Altmann, et al. 2015. “Development of a General Analysis and Unfolding Scheme and Its Application to Measure the Energy Spectrum of Atmospheric Neutrinos with IceCube.” EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C 75 (3). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3330-z.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Aartsen, MG, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, M Ahrens, D Altmann, T Anderson, C Arguelles, TC Arlen, J Auffenberg, X Bai, SW Barwick, V Baum, JJ Beatty, J Becker Tjus, K-H Becker, S BenZvi, P Berghaus, D Berley, E Bernardini, A Bernhard, DZ Besson, G Binder, D Bindig, M Bissok, E Blaufuss, J Blumenthal, DJ Boersma, C Bohm, F Bos, D Bose, S Boeser, O Botner, L Brayeur, HP Bretz, AM Brown, J Casey, M Casier, E Cheung, D Chirkin, A Christov, B Christy, K Clark, L Classen, F Clevermann, S Coenders, DF Cowen, AH Cruz Silva, M Danninger, J Daughhetee, JC Davis, M Day, JPAM De Andre, C DeClercq, Sam De Ridder, P Desiati, KD De Vries, M Dewith, T DeYoung, JC Diaz-Velez, M Dunkman, R Eagan, B Eberhardt, B Eichmann, J Eisch, S Euler, PA Evenson, O Fadiran, AR Fazely, A Fedynitch, J Feintzeig, J Felde, T Feusels, K Filimonov, C Finley, T Fischer-Wasels, S Flis, A Franckowiak, K Frantzen, T Fuchs, TK Gaisser, R Gaior, J Gallagher, L Gerhardt, D Gier, L Gladstone, T Glusenkamp, A Goldschmidt, G Golup, JG Gonzalez, JA Goodman, D Gora, D. Grant, P. Gretskov, JC Groh, A Gro, C Ha, C Haack, Abd Al Karim Haj Ismail, P Hallen, A Hallgren, F Halzen, K Hanson, D Hebecker, D Heereman, D Heinen, K Helbing, R Hellauer, D Hellwig, S Hickford, GC Hill, KD Hoffman, R Hoffmann, A Homeier, K Hoshina, F Huang, W Huelsnitz, PO Hulth, K Hultqvist, S Hussain, A Ishihara, E Jacobi, J Jacobsen, K Jagielski, GS Japaridze, K Jero, O Jlelati, M Jurkovic, B Kaminsky, A Kappes, T Karg, A Karle, M Kauer, A Keivani, JL Kelley, A Kheirandish, J Kiryluk, J Klaes, SR Klein, JH Koehne, G Kohnen, H Kolanoski, A Koob, L Koepke, C Kopper, S Kopper, DJ Koskinen, M Kowalski, A Kriesten, K Krings, G Kroll, M Kroll, J Kunnen, N Kurahashi, T Kuwabara, Mathieu Labare, DT Larsen, MJ Larson, M Lesiak-Bzdak, M Leuermann, J Leute, J Luenemann, J Madsen, G Maggi, R Maruyama, K Mase, HS Matis, R Maunu, F McNally, K Meagher, M Medici, Athina Meli, T Meures, S Miarecki, E Middell, E Middlemas, N Milke, J Miller, L Mohrmann, T Montaruli, R Morse, R Nahnhauer, U Naumann, H Niederhausen, SC Nowicki, DR Nygren, A Obertacke, S Odrowski, A Olivas, A Omairat, A O’Murchadha, T Palczewski, L Paul, Oe Penek, JA Pepper, C Perez De Los Heros, C Pfendner, D Pieloth, E Pinat, J Posselt, PB Price, GT Przybylski, J Puetz, M Quinnan, L Raedel, M Rameez, K Rawlins, P Redl, I Rees, R Reimann, M Relich, E Resconi, W Rhode, M Richman, B Riedel, S Robertson, JP Rodrigues, M Rongen, C Rott, T Ruhe, B Ruzybayev, Dirk Ryckbosch, SM Saba, H-G Sander, J Sandroos, M Santander, S Sarkar, K Schatto, F Scheriau, T Schmidt, M Schmitz, S Schoenen, S Schoeneberg, A Schoenwald, A Schukraft, L Schulte, O Schulz, D Seckel, Y Sestayo, S Seunarine, R Shanidze, MWE Smith, D Soldin, GM Spiczak, C Spiering, M Stamatikos, T Stanev, NA Stanisha, A Stasik, T Stezelberger, RG Stokstad, A Stoessl, EA Strahler, R Stroem, NL Strotjohann, GW Sullivan, H Taavola, I Taboada, A Tamburro, A Tepe, S Ter-Antonyan, A Terliuk, G Tesic, S Tilav, PA Toale, MN Tobin, D Tosi, M Tselengidou, E Unger, M Usner, S Vallecorsa, N Van Eijndhoven, J Vandenbroucke, J Van Santen, M Vehring, M Voge, Matthias Vraeghe, C Walck, M Wallraff, Ch Weaver, M Wellons, C Wendt, S Westerhoff, BJ Whelan, N Whitehorn, C Wichary, K Wiebe, CH Wiebusch, DR Williams, H Wissing, M Wolf, TR Wood, K Woschnagg, DL Xu, XW Xu, JP Yanez, G Yodh, S Yoshida, P Zarzhitsky, J Ziemann, S Zierke, M Zoll, and K Morik. 2015. “Development of a General Analysis and Unfolding Scheme and Its Application to Measure the Energy Spectrum of Atmospheric Neutrinos with IceCube.” EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C 75 (3). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3330-z.
Vancouver
1.
Aartsen M, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar J, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, et al. Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube. EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C. 2015;75(3).
IEEE
[1]
M. Aartsen et al., “Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube,” EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C, vol. 75, no. 3, 2015.
@article{7129076,
  abstract     = {{We present the development and application of a generic analysis scheme for the measurement of neutrino spectra with the IceCube detector. This scheme is based on regularized unfolding, preceded by an event selection which uses a Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm to select the relevant variables and a random forest for the classification of events. The analysis has been developed using IceCube data from the 59-string configuration of the detector. 27,771 neutrino candidates were detected in 346 days of livetime. A rejection of 99.9999 % of the atmospheric muon background is achieved. The energy spectrum of the atmospheric neutrino flux is obtained using the TRUEE unfolding program. The unfolded spectrum of atmospheric muon neutrinos covers an energy range from 100 GeV to 1 PeV. Compared to the previous measurement using the detector in the 40-string configuration, the analysis presented here, extends the upper end of the atmospheric neutrino spectrum by more than a factor of two, reaching an energy region that has not been previously accessed by spectral measurements.}},
  articleno    = {{116}},
  author       = {{Aartsen, MG and Ackermann, M and Adams, J and Aguilar, JA and Ahlers, M and Ahrens, M and Altmann, D and Anderson, T and Arguelles, C and Arlen, TC and Auffenberg, J and Bai, X and Barwick, SW and Baum, V and Beatty, JJ and Becker Tjus, J and Becker, K-H and BenZvi, S and Berghaus, P and Berley, D and Bernardini, E and Bernhard, A and Besson, DZ and Binder, G and Bindig, D and Bissok, M and Blaufuss, E and Blumenthal, J and Boersma, DJ and Bohm, C and Bos, F and Bose, D and Boeser, S and Botner, O and Brayeur, L and Bretz, HP and Brown, AM and Casey, J and Casier, M and Cheung, E and Chirkin, D and Christov, A and Christy, B and Clark, K and Classen, L and Clevermann, F and Coenders, S and Cowen, DF and Cruz Silva, AH and Danninger, M and Daughhetee, J and Davis, JC and Day, M and De Andre, JPAM and DeClercq, C and De Ridder, Sam and Desiati, P and De Vries, KD and Dewith, M and DeYoung, T and Diaz-Velez, JC and Dunkman, M and Eagan, R and Eberhardt, B and Eichmann, B and Eisch, J and Euler, S and Evenson, PA and Fadiran, O and Fazely, AR and Fedynitch, A and Feintzeig, J and Felde, J and Feusels, T and Filimonov, K and Finley, C and Fischer-Wasels, T and Flis, S and Franckowiak, A and Frantzen, K and Fuchs, T and Gaisser, TK and Gaior, R and Gallagher, J and Gerhardt, L and Gier, D and Gladstone, L and Glusenkamp, T and Goldschmidt, A and Golup, G and Gonzalez, JG and Goodman, JA and Gora, D and Grant, D. and Gretskov, P. and Groh, JC and Gro, A and Ha, C and Haack, C and Haj Ismail, Abd Al Karim and Hallen, P and Hallgren, A and Halzen, F and Hanson, K and Hebecker, D and Heereman, D and Heinen, D and Helbing, K and Hellauer, R and Hellwig, D and Hickford, S and Hill, GC and Hoffman, KD and Hoffmann, R and Homeier, A and Hoshina, K and Huang, F and Huelsnitz, W and Hulth, PO and Hultqvist, K and Hussain, S and Ishihara, A and Jacobi, E and Jacobsen, J and Jagielski, K and Japaridze, GS and Jero, K and Jlelati, O and Jurkovic, M and Kaminsky, B and Kappes, A and Karg, T and Karle, A and Kauer, M and Keivani, A and Kelley, JL and Kheirandish, A and Kiryluk, J and Klaes, J and Klein, SR and Koehne, JH and Kohnen, G and Kolanoski, H and Koob, A and Koepke, L and Kopper, C and Kopper, S and Koskinen, DJ and Kowalski, M and Kriesten, A and Krings, K and Kroll, G and Kroll, M and Kunnen, J and Kurahashi, N and Kuwabara, T and Labare, Mathieu and Larsen, DT and Larson, MJ and Lesiak-Bzdak, M and Leuermann, M and Leute, J and Luenemann, J and Madsen, J and Maggi, G and Maruyama, R and Mase, K and Matis, HS and Maunu, R and McNally, F and Meagher, K and Medici, M and Meli, Athina and Meures, T and Miarecki, S and Middell, E and Middlemas, E and Milke, N and Miller, J and Mohrmann, L and Montaruli, T and Morse, R and Nahnhauer, R and Naumann, U and Niederhausen, H and Nowicki, SC and Nygren, DR and Obertacke, A and Odrowski, S and Olivas, A and Omairat, A and O'Murchadha, A and Palczewski, T and Paul, L and Penek, Oe and Pepper, JA and Perez De Los Heros, C and Pfendner, C and Pieloth, D and Pinat, E and Posselt, J and Price, PB and Przybylski, GT and Puetz, J and Quinnan, M and Raedel, L and Rameez, M and Rawlins, K and Redl, P and Rees, I and Reimann, R and Relich, M and Resconi, E and Rhode, W and Richman, M and Riedel, B and Robertson, S and Rodrigues, JP and Rongen, M and Rott, C and Ruhe, T and Ruzybayev, B and Ryckbosch, Dirk and Saba, SM and Sander, H-G and Sandroos, J and Santander, M and Sarkar, S and Schatto, K and Scheriau, F and Schmidt, T and Schmitz, M and Schoenen, S and Schoeneberg, S and Schoenwald, A and Schukraft, A and Schulte, L and Schulz, O and Seckel, D and Sestayo, Y and Seunarine, S and Shanidze, R and Smith, MWE and Soldin, D and Spiczak, GM and Spiering, C and Stamatikos, M and Stanev, T and Stanisha, NA and Stasik, A and Stezelberger, T and Stokstad, RG and Stoessl, A and Strahler, EA and Stroem, R and Strotjohann, NL and Sullivan, GW and Taavola, H and Taboada, I and Tamburro, A and Tepe, A and Ter-Antonyan, S and Terliuk, A and Tesic, G and Tilav, S and Toale, PA and Tobin, MN and Tosi, D and Tselengidou, M and Unger, E and Usner, M and Vallecorsa, S and Van Eijndhoven, N and Vandenbroucke, J and Van Santen, J and Vehring, M and Voge, M and Vraeghe, Matthias and Walck, C and Wallraff, M and Weaver, Ch and Wellons, M and Wendt, C and Westerhoff, S and Whelan, BJ and Whitehorn, N and Wichary, C and Wiebe, K and Wiebusch, CH and Williams, DR and Wissing, H and Wolf, M and Wood, TR and Woschnagg, K and Xu, DL and Xu, XW and Yanez, JP and Yodh, G and Yoshida, S and Zarzhitsky, P and Ziemann, J and Zierke, S and Zoll, M and Morik, K}},
  issn         = {{1434-6044}},
  journal      = {{EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C}},
  keywords     = {{AMANDA,SYSTEM,PERFORMANCE,200 TEV,TELESCOPE,DETECTOR}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{14}},
  title        = {{Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3330-z}},
  volume       = {{75}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

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