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Direct anodic hydrochloric acid and cathodic caustic production during water electrolysis

Hui-Wen Lin, Rocio Cejudo-Marin, Adriaan W Jeremiasse, Korneel Rabaey (UGent) , Zhiguo Yuan and Ilje Pikaar
(2016) SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 6.
Author
Organization
Abstract
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and caustic (NaOH) are among the most widely used chemicals by the water industry. Direct anodic electrochemical HCl production by water electrolysis has not been successful as current commercially available electrodes are prone to chlorine formation. This study presents an innovative technology simultaneously generating HCl and NaOH from NaCl using a Mn0.84Mo0.16O2.23 oxygen evolution electrode during water electrolysis. The results showed that protons could be anodically generated at a high Coulombic efficiency (i.e. >= 95%) with chlorine formation accounting for 3 similar to 5% of the charge supplied. HCl was anodically produced at moderate strengths at a CE of 65 +/- 4% together with a CE of 89 +/- 1% for cathodic caustic production. The reduction in CE for HCl generation was caused by proton cross-over from the anode to the middle compartment. Overall, this study showed the potential of simultaneous HCl and NaOH generation from NaCl and represents a major step forward for the water industry towards on-site production of HCl and NaOH. In this study, artificial brine was used as a source of sodium and chloride ions. In theory, artificial brine could be replaced by saline waste streams such as Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC), turning ROC into a valuable resource.
Keywords
OXYGEN EVOLUTION, ELECTRODES, MEMBRANE, SEAWATER ELECTROLYSIS, OXIDE ANODES, CONCENTRATE

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MLA
Lin, Hui-Wen, et al. “Direct Anodic Hydrochloric Acid and Cathodic Caustic Production during Water Electrolysis.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 6, 2016, doi:10.1038/srep20494.
APA
Lin, H.-W., Cejudo-Marin, R., Jeremiasse, A. W., Rabaey, K., Yuan, Z., & Pikaar, I. (2016). Direct anodic hydrochloric acid and cathodic caustic production during water electrolysis. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20494
Chicago author-date
Lin, Hui-Wen, Rocio Cejudo-Marin, Adriaan W Jeremiasse, Korneel Rabaey, Zhiguo Yuan, and Ilje Pikaar. 2016. “Direct Anodic Hydrochloric Acid and Cathodic Caustic Production during Water Electrolysis.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20494.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Lin, Hui-Wen, Rocio Cejudo-Marin, Adriaan W Jeremiasse, Korneel Rabaey, Zhiguo Yuan, and Ilje Pikaar. 2016. “Direct Anodic Hydrochloric Acid and Cathodic Caustic Production during Water Electrolysis.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 6. doi:10.1038/srep20494.
Vancouver
1.
Lin H-W, Cejudo-Marin R, Jeremiasse AW, Rabaey K, Yuan Z, Pikaar I. Direct anodic hydrochloric acid and cathodic caustic production during water electrolysis. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 2016;6.
IEEE
[1]
H.-W. Lin, R. Cejudo-Marin, A. W. Jeremiasse, K. Rabaey, Z. Yuan, and I. Pikaar, “Direct anodic hydrochloric acid and cathodic caustic production during water electrolysis,” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 6, 2016.
@article{7106239,
  abstract     = {{Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and caustic (NaOH) are among the most widely used chemicals by the water industry. Direct anodic electrochemical HCl production by water electrolysis has not been successful as current commercially available electrodes are prone to chlorine formation. This study presents an innovative technology simultaneously generating HCl and NaOH from NaCl using a Mn0.84Mo0.16O2.23 oxygen evolution electrode during water electrolysis. The results showed that protons could be anodically generated at a high Coulombic efficiency (i.e. >= 95%) with chlorine formation accounting for 3 similar to 5% of the charge supplied. HCl was anodically produced at moderate strengths at a CE of 65 +/- 4% together with a CE of 89 +/- 1% for cathodic caustic production. The reduction in CE for HCl generation was caused by proton cross-over from the anode to the middle compartment. Overall, this study showed the potential of simultaneous HCl and NaOH generation from NaCl and represents a major step forward for the water industry towards on-site production of HCl and NaOH. In this study, artificial brine was used as a source of sodium and chloride ions. In theory, artificial brine could be replaced by saline waste streams such as Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC), turning ROC into a valuable resource.}},
  articleno    = {{20494}},
  author       = {{Lin, Hui-Wen and Cejudo-Marin, Rocio and Jeremiasse, Adriaan W and Rabaey, Korneel and Yuan, Zhiguo and Pikaar, Ilje}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  journal      = {{SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}},
  keywords     = {{OXYGEN EVOLUTION,ELECTRODES,MEMBRANE,SEAWATER ELECTROLYSIS,OXIDE ANODES,CONCENTRATE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{4}},
  title        = {{Direct anodic hydrochloric acid and cathodic caustic production during water electrolysis}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep20494}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}
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