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Toward the most ideal case-control design with related and unrelated dogs in whole-exome sequencing studies

Bart Broeckx (UGent) , Frank Coopman (UGent) , Geert Verhoeven (UGent) , Sarah De Keulenaer (UGent) , Ellen De Meester (UGent) , Valérie Bavegems (UGent) , Pascale Smets (UGent) , Bernadette Van Ryssen (UGent) , Filip Van Nieuwerburgh (UGent) and Dieter Deforce (UGent)
(2016) ANIMAL GENETICS. 47(2). p.200-207
Author
Organization
Abstract
With the recent development of whole-exome sequencing enrichment designs for the dog, a novel tool for disease-association studies became available. The aim of disease-association studies is to identify one or a very limited number of putative causal variants or genes from the large pool of genetic variation. To maximize the efficiency of these studies and to provide some directions of what to expect, we evaluated the effect on variant reduction for various combinations of cases and controls for both dominant and recessive types of inheritance assuming variable degrees of penetrance and detectance. In this study, variant data of 14 dogs (13 Labrador Retrievers and one Dogue de Bordeaux), obtained by whole-exome sequencing, were analyzed. In the filtering process, we found that unrelated dogs from the same breed share up to 70% of their variants, which is likely a consequence of the breeding history of the dog. For the designs tested with unrelated dogs, combining two cases and two controls gave the best result. These results were improved further by adding closely related dogs. Reduced penetrance and/or detectance has a drastic effect on the efficiency and is likely to have a profound effect on the sample size needed to elucidate the causal variant. Overall, we demonstrated that sequencing a small number of dogs results in a marked reduction of variants that are likely sufficient to pinpoint causal variants or genes.
Keywords
targeted sequencing, variant filtering, disease-association studies, canine, design of experiments, CANINE DEGENERATIVE MYELOPATHY, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, RETINAL DISEASES, MUTATION, VARIANTS, CAPTURE

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MLA
Broeckx, Bart, et al. “Toward the Most Ideal Case-Control Design with Related and Unrelated Dogs in Whole-Exome Sequencing Studies.” ANIMAL GENETICS, vol. 47, no. 2, 2016, pp. 200–07, doi:10.1111/age.12400.
APA
Broeckx, B., Coopman, F., Verhoeven, G., De Keulenaer, S., De Meester, E., Bavegems, V., … Deforce, D. (2016). Toward the most ideal case-control design with related and unrelated dogs in whole-exome sequencing studies. ANIMAL GENETICS, 47(2), 200–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12400
Chicago author-date
Broeckx, Bart, Frank Coopman, Geert Verhoeven, Sarah De Keulenaer, Ellen De Meester, Valérie Bavegems, Pascale Smets, Bernadette Van Ryssen, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, and Dieter Deforce. 2016. “Toward the Most Ideal Case-Control Design with Related and Unrelated Dogs in Whole-Exome Sequencing Studies.” ANIMAL GENETICS 47 (2): 200–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12400.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Broeckx, Bart, Frank Coopman, Geert Verhoeven, Sarah De Keulenaer, Ellen De Meester, Valérie Bavegems, Pascale Smets, Bernadette Van Ryssen, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, and Dieter Deforce. 2016. “Toward the Most Ideal Case-Control Design with Related and Unrelated Dogs in Whole-Exome Sequencing Studies.” ANIMAL GENETICS 47 (2): 200–207. doi:10.1111/age.12400.
Vancouver
1.
Broeckx B, Coopman F, Verhoeven G, De Keulenaer S, De Meester E, Bavegems V, et al. Toward the most ideal case-control design with related and unrelated dogs in whole-exome sequencing studies. ANIMAL GENETICS. 2016;47(2):200–7.
IEEE
[1]
B. Broeckx et al., “Toward the most ideal case-control design with related and unrelated dogs in whole-exome sequencing studies,” ANIMAL GENETICS, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 200–207, 2016.
@article{7020997,
  abstract     = {{With the recent development of whole-exome sequencing enrichment designs for the dog, a novel tool for disease-association studies became available. The aim of disease-association studies is to identify one or a very limited number of putative causal variants or genes from the large pool of genetic variation. To maximize the efficiency of these studies and to provide some directions of what to expect, we evaluated the effect on variant reduction for various combinations of cases and controls for both dominant and recessive types of inheritance assuming variable degrees of penetrance and detectance. In this study, variant data of 14 dogs (13 Labrador Retrievers and one Dogue de Bordeaux), obtained by whole-exome sequencing, were analyzed. In the filtering process, we found that unrelated dogs from the same breed share up to 70% of their variants, which is likely a consequence of the breeding history of the dog. For the designs tested with unrelated dogs, combining two cases and two controls gave the best result. These results were improved further by adding closely related dogs. Reduced penetrance and/or detectance has a drastic effect on the efficiency and is likely to have a profound effect on the sample size needed to elucidate the causal variant. Overall, we demonstrated that sequencing a small number of dogs results in a marked reduction of variants that are likely sufficient to pinpoint causal variants or genes.}},
  author       = {{Broeckx, Bart and Coopman, Frank and Verhoeven, Geert and De Keulenaer, Sarah and De Meester, Ellen and Bavegems, Valérie and Smets, Pascale and Van Ryssen, Bernadette and Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip and Deforce, Dieter}},
  issn         = {{0268-9146}},
  journal      = {{ANIMAL GENETICS}},
  keywords     = {{targeted sequencing,variant filtering,disease-association studies,canine,design of experiments,CANINE DEGENERATIVE MYELOPATHY,GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION,INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY,RETINAL DISEASES,MUTATION,VARIANTS,CAPTURE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{200--207}},
  title        = {{Toward the most ideal case-control design with related and unrelated dogs in whole-exome sequencing studies}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/age.12400}},
  volume       = {{47}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}
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