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Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation

(2015) JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE. 98(8). p.5211-5221
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the potential of milk fatty acids as diagnostic tool for hyperketonemia of 93 dairy cows in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. Cows were fed a glucogenic or lipogenic diet and originally were intended to be subjected to a 0-, 30-, or 60-d dry period. Nevertheless, some of the cows, which were intended for inclusion in the 0-d dry period group, dried off spontaneously. Milk was collected in wk 2, 3, 4, and 8 of lactation for milk fat analysis. Blood was sampled from wk 2 to 8 after parturition for beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) analysis. Cases were classified into 2 groups: hyperketonemia (BHBA >= 1.2 mmol/L) and nonhyperketonemia (BHBA <1.2 mmol/L). Concentrations of 45 milk fatty acids and ratios of anteiso C15:0-to-anteiso C17:0 and C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 were subjected to a logistic regression analysis (stepwise forward method). The milk fat C18:1 cis:9-to-C15:0 ratio revealed the most discriminating factor for diagnosis of hyperketonemia. Ninety percent of nonhyperketonemia cases showed a milk fat C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 ratio of 40 or lower, whereas 70% of cows suffering from hyperketonemia showed milk fat C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 ratios exceeding 40. Additionally, cows with a milk fat ratio C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 of at least 45 in wk 2 after parturition had about 50% chance to encounter blood plasma BHBA values of 1.2 mmol/L or more during the first 8 wk of lactation. Of the cows not suffering from hyperketonemia during the first 2 mo of lactation, only 9% exceeded this wk 2 threshold. Practical implementation requires routine analysis of both milk fatty acids, which currently is lacking for C15:0. The inclusion of other variables, such as test-day information and a more frequent sampling protocol should be considered to further improve diagnostic performance of this biomarker.
Keywords
BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE CONCENTRATIONS, DETECT SUBCLINICAL KETOSIS, DAIRY-COWS, ENERGY-BALANCE, REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE, DRY PERIOD, ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS, TRANSITION PERIOD, CATTLE, CHAIN, hyperketonemia, milk fatty acid, biomarker

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MLA
Jorjong, Sasitorn, et al. “Milk Fatty Acids as Possible Biomarkers to Diagnose Hyperketonemia in Early Lactation.” JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, vol. 98, no. 8, 2015, pp. 5211–21, doi:10.3168/jds.2014-8728.
APA
Jorjong, S., van Knegsel, A., Verwaeren, J., Bruckmaier, R., De Baets, B., Kemp, B., & Fievez, V. (2015). Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation. JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, 98(8), 5211–5221. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8728
Chicago author-date
Jorjong, Sasitorn, ATM van Knegsel, Jan Verwaeren, RM Bruckmaier, Bernard De Baets, B Kemp, and Veerle Fievez. 2015. “Milk Fatty Acids as Possible Biomarkers to Diagnose Hyperketonemia in Early Lactation.” JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE 98 (8): 5211–21. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8728.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Jorjong, Sasitorn, ATM van Knegsel, Jan Verwaeren, RM Bruckmaier, Bernard De Baets, B Kemp, and Veerle Fievez. 2015. “Milk Fatty Acids as Possible Biomarkers to Diagnose Hyperketonemia in Early Lactation.” JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE 98 (8): 5211–5221. doi:10.3168/jds.2014-8728.
Vancouver
1.
Jorjong S, van Knegsel A, Verwaeren J, Bruckmaier R, De Baets B, Kemp B, et al. Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation. JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE. 2015;98(8):5211–21.
IEEE
[1]
S. Jorjong et al., “Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation,” JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, vol. 98, no. 8, pp. 5211–5221, 2015.
@article{6914704,
  abstract     = {{The aim of this study was to assess the potential of milk fatty acids as diagnostic tool for hyperketonemia of 93 dairy cows in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. Cows were fed a glucogenic or lipogenic diet and originally were intended to be subjected to a 0-, 30-, or 60-d dry period. Nevertheless, some of the cows, which were intended for inclusion in the 0-d dry period group, dried off spontaneously. Milk was collected in wk 2, 3, 4, and 8 of lactation for milk fat analysis. Blood was sampled from wk 2 to 8 after parturition for beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) analysis. Cases were classified into 2 groups: hyperketonemia (BHBA >= 1.2 mmol/L) and nonhyperketonemia (BHBA <1.2 mmol/L). Concentrations of 45 milk fatty acids and ratios of anteiso C15:0-to-anteiso C17:0 and C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 were subjected to a logistic regression analysis (stepwise forward method). The milk fat C18:1 cis:9-to-C15:0 ratio revealed the most discriminating factor for diagnosis of hyperketonemia. Ninety percent of nonhyperketonemia cases showed a milk fat C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 ratio of 40 or lower, whereas 70% of cows suffering from hyperketonemia showed milk fat C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 ratios exceeding 40. Additionally, cows with a milk fat ratio C18:1 cis-9-to-C15:0 of at least 45 in wk 2 after parturition had about 50% chance to encounter blood plasma BHBA values of 1.2 mmol/L or more during the first 8 wk of lactation. Of the cows not suffering from hyperketonemia during the first 2 mo of lactation, only 9% exceeded this wk 2 threshold. Practical implementation requires routine analysis of both milk fatty acids, which currently is lacking for C15:0. The inclusion of other variables, such as test-day information and a more frequent sampling protocol should be considered to further improve diagnostic performance of this biomarker.}},
  author       = {{Jorjong, Sasitorn and van Knegsel, ATM and Verwaeren, Jan and Bruckmaier, RM and De Baets, Bernard and Kemp, B and Fievez, Veerle}},
  issn         = {{0022-0302}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE}},
  keywords     = {{BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE CONCENTRATIONS,DETECT SUBCLINICAL KETOSIS,DAIRY-COWS,ENERGY-BALANCE,REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE,DRY PERIOD,ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS,TRANSITION PERIOD,CATTLE,CHAIN,hyperketonemia,milk fatty acid,biomarker}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{5211--5221}},
  title        = {{Milk fatty acids as possible biomarkers to diagnose hyperketonemia in early lactation}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8728}},
  volume       = {{98}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

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