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Support of multiple sinks via a virtual root for the RPL routing protocol

David Carels (UGent) , Niels Derdaele, Eli De Poorter (UGent) , Wim Vandenberghe (UGent) , Ingrid Moerman (UGent) and Piet Demeester (UGent)
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Abstract
Data acquisition in large wireless sensor networks consisting of only a single sink can typically lead to scalability and energy efficiency issues. A solution to this problem is the deployment of multiple sinks in the network. This approach is however not supported by the popular sensor network routing protocol, IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL). This paper describes a method to support the usage of multiple sinks for RPL in accordance to the limited guidelines of RPL:IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RFC 6550). Hereby this paper shows that the concept of a virtual root can work and can be implemented with a minimal complexity. The correct behaviour of this extension was verified, by performance tests, in both a simulation environment and a real-life environment (iMinds wiLab.t office testbed). The chosen approach has the advantage that for an existing deployment of a RPL network, only the sink nodes need to be adapted. The results confirm that the use of multiple sinks in RPL can deliver the desired advantages. For an increase in the number of sinks from 1 to 4, a decrease of about 45% in the maximal and more than 30% in the average energy consumption was obtained in simulations for the used topology. For the real-life tests, the average energy consumption decreased with more than 30% and with more than 50% for the maximal energy consumption when the number of sinks was increased from 1 to 2 on the iMinds wiLab. t office testbed. By using a positioning algorithm to determine the optimal position, for the sinks, possibly even better performances can be obtained.
Keywords
Virtual DODAG root, WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS, Routing, WSN, Multi-sink, RPL, IBCN

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MLA
Carels, David, et al. “Support of Multiple Sinks via a Virtual Root for the RPL Routing Protocol.” EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING, 2014, doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2014-91.
APA
Carels, D., Derdaele, N., De Poorter, E., Vandenberghe, W., Moerman, I., & Demeester, P. (2014). Support of multiple sinks via a virtual root for the RPL routing protocol. EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING. https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2014-91
Chicago author-date
Carels, David, Niels Derdaele, Eli De Poorter, Wim Vandenberghe, Ingrid Moerman, and Piet Demeester. 2014. “Support of Multiple Sinks via a Virtual Root for the RPL Routing Protocol.” EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING. https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2014-91.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Carels, David, Niels Derdaele, Eli De Poorter, Wim Vandenberghe, Ingrid Moerman, and Piet Demeester. 2014. “Support of Multiple Sinks via a Virtual Root for the RPL Routing Protocol.” EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING. doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2014-91.
Vancouver
1.
Carels D, Derdaele N, De Poorter E, Vandenberghe W, Moerman I, Demeester P. Support of multiple sinks via a virtual root for the RPL routing protocol. EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING. 2014;
IEEE
[1]
D. Carels, N. Derdaele, E. De Poorter, W. Vandenberghe, I. Moerman, and P. Demeester, “Support of multiple sinks via a virtual root for the RPL routing protocol,” EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING, 2014.
@article{6850317,
  abstract     = {{Data acquisition in large wireless sensor networks consisting of only a single sink can typically lead to scalability and energy efficiency issues. A solution to this problem is the deployment of multiple sinks in the network. This approach is however not supported by the popular sensor network routing protocol, IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL). This paper describes a method to support the usage of multiple sinks for RPL in accordance to the limited guidelines of RPL:IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RFC 6550). Hereby this paper shows that the concept of a virtual root can work and can be implemented with a minimal complexity. The correct behaviour of this extension was verified, by performance tests, in both a simulation environment and a real-life environment (iMinds wiLab.t office testbed). The chosen approach has the advantage that for an existing deployment of a RPL network, only the sink nodes need to be adapted. The results confirm that the use of multiple sinks in RPL can deliver the desired advantages. For an increase in the number of sinks from 1 to 4, a decrease of about 45% in the maximal and more than 30% in the average energy consumption was obtained in simulations for the used topology. For the real-life tests, the average energy consumption decreased with more than 30% and with more than 50% for the maximal energy consumption when the number of sinks was increased from 1 to 2 on the iMinds wiLab. t office testbed. By using a positioning algorithm to determine the optimal position, for the sinks, possibly even better performances can be obtained.}},
  articleno    = {{91}},
  author       = {{Carels, David and Derdaele, Niels and De Poorter, Eli and Vandenberghe, Wim and Moerman, Ingrid and Demeester, Piet}},
  issn         = {{1687-1499}},
  journal      = {{EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING}},
  keywords     = {{Virtual DODAG root,WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS,Routing,WSN,Multi-sink,RPL,IBCN}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{23}},
  title        = {{Support of multiple sinks via a virtual root for the RPL routing protocol}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2014-91}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

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