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Higher masseter muscle mass in grazing than in browsing ruminants

Marcus Clauss (UGent) , Reinold R Hofmann, W Jürgen Streich, Joerns Fickel and Jürgen Hummel
(2008) OECOLOGIA. 157(3). p.377-385
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Abstract
Using cranioskeletal measurements, several studies have generated evidence that grazing ruminants have a more pronounced mastication apparatus, in terms of muscle insertion areas and protuberances, than browsing ruminants, with the resulting hypothesis that grazers should have larger, heavier chewing muscles than browsers. However, the only investigation of this so far [Axmacher and Hofmann (J Zool 215:463-473, 1988)] did not find differences between ruminant feeding types in the masseter muscle mass of 22 species. Here, we expand the dataset to 48 ruminant species. Regardless of phylogenetic control in the statistical treatment, there was a significant positive correlation of body mass and masseter mass, and also a significant association between percent grass in the natural diet and masseter mass. The results support the concept that ruminant species that ingest more grass have relatively larger masseter muscles, possibly indicating an increased requirement to overcome the resistance of grass forage. The comparative chewing resistance of different forage classes may represent a rewarding field of ecophysiological research.
Keywords
phylogeny, masseter, grazer, browser, morphology, RYEGRASS LOLIUM-PERENNE, PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS, PARTICLE BREAKDOWN, AFRICAN RUMINANTS, DIGESTIVE-SYSTEM, NATIONAL-PARK, ADAPTATION, EVOLUTION, DIETS, DEER

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MLA
Clauss, Marcus, et al. “Higher Masseter Muscle Mass in Grazing than in Browsing Ruminants.” OECOLOGIA, vol. 157, no. 3, 2008, pp. 377–85, doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1093-z.
APA
Clauss, M., Hofmann, R. R., Streich, W. J., Fickel, J., & Hummel, J. (2008). Higher masseter muscle mass in grazing than in browsing ruminants. OECOLOGIA, 157(3), 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1093-z
Chicago author-date
Clauss, Marcus, Reinold R Hofmann, W Jürgen Streich, Joerns Fickel, and Jürgen Hummel. 2008. “Higher Masseter Muscle Mass in Grazing than in Browsing Ruminants.” OECOLOGIA 157 (3): 377–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1093-z.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Clauss, Marcus, Reinold R Hofmann, W Jürgen Streich, Joerns Fickel, and Jürgen Hummel. 2008. “Higher Masseter Muscle Mass in Grazing than in Browsing Ruminants.” OECOLOGIA 157 (3): 377–385. doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1093-z.
Vancouver
1.
Clauss M, Hofmann RR, Streich WJ, Fickel J, Hummel J. Higher masseter muscle mass in grazing than in browsing ruminants. OECOLOGIA. 2008;157(3):377–85.
IEEE
[1]
M. Clauss, R. R. Hofmann, W. J. Streich, J. Fickel, and J. Hummel, “Higher masseter muscle mass in grazing than in browsing ruminants,” OECOLOGIA, vol. 157, no. 3, pp. 377–385, 2008.
@article{684786,
  abstract     = {{Using cranioskeletal measurements, several studies have generated evidence that grazing ruminants have a more pronounced mastication apparatus, in terms of muscle insertion areas and protuberances, than browsing ruminants, with the resulting hypothesis that grazers should have larger, heavier chewing muscles than browsers. However, the only investigation of this so far [Axmacher and Hofmann (J Zool 215:463-473, 1988)] did not find differences between ruminant feeding types in the masseter muscle mass of 22 species. Here, we expand the dataset to 48 ruminant species. Regardless of phylogenetic control in the statistical treatment, there was a significant positive correlation of body mass and masseter mass, and also a significant association between percent grass in the natural diet and masseter mass. The results support the concept that ruminant species that ingest more grass have relatively larger masseter muscles, possibly indicating an increased requirement to overcome the resistance of grass forage. The comparative chewing resistance of different forage classes may represent a rewarding field of ecophysiological research.}},
  author       = {{Clauss, Marcus and Hofmann, Reinold R and Streich, W Jürgen and Fickel, Joerns and Hummel, Jürgen}},
  issn         = {{0029-8549}},
  journal      = {{OECOLOGIA}},
  keywords     = {{phylogeny,masseter,grazer,browser,morphology,RYEGRASS LOLIUM-PERENNE,PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS,PARTICLE BREAKDOWN,AFRICAN RUMINANTS,DIGESTIVE-SYSTEM,NATIONAL-PARK,ADAPTATION,EVOLUTION,DIETS,DEER}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{377--385}},
  title        = {{Higher masseter muscle mass in grazing than in browsing ruminants}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1093-z}},
  volume       = {{157}},
  year         = {{2008}},
}
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