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Masticatory biomechanics in the rabbit: a multi-body dynamics analysis

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Abstract
Multi-body dynamics is a powerful engineering tool which is becoming increasingly popular for the simulation and analysis of skull biomechanics. This paper presents the first application of multi-body dynamics to analyse the biomechanics of the rabbit skull. A model has been constructed through the combination of manual dissection and three-dimensional imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging and micro-computed tomography). Individual muscles are represented with multiple layers, thus more accurately modelling muscle fibres with complex lines of action. Model validity was sought through comparing experimentally measured maximum incisor bite forces with those predicted by the model. Simulations of molar biting highlighted the ability of the masticatory system to alter recruitment of two muscle groups, in order to generate shearing or crushing movements. Molar shearing is capable of processing a food bolus in all three orthogonal directions, whereas molar crushing and incisor biting are predominately directed vertically. Simulations also show that the masticatory system is adapted to process foods through several cycles with low muscle activations, presumably in order to prevent rapidly fatiguing fast fibres during repeated chewing cycles. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of a validated multi-body dynamics model for investigating feeding biomechanics in the rabbit, and shows the potential for complementing and eventually reducing in vivo experiments.
Keywords
ORYCTOLAGUS-CUNICULUS, DENTAL DISEASE, MUSCULOSKELETAL MODEL, POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT, RIGID-BODY ANALYSIS, TEMPOROMANDIBULAR-JOINT, MASSETER MUSCLE, multi-body dynamics analysis, rabbit skull, bite force, mastication, :COMBINED FINITE-ELEMENT, UNILATERAL TOOTH LOSS, JAW-MUSCLE-ACTIVITY

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MLA
Watson, Peter J., et al. “Masticatory Biomechanics in the Rabbit: A Multi-Body Dynamics Analysis.” JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE, vol. 11, no. 99, 2014, doi:10.1098/rsif.2014.0564.
APA
Watson, P. J., Gröning, F., Curtis, N., Fitton, L. C., Herrel, A., McCormack, S. W., & Fagan, M. J. (2014). Masticatory biomechanics in the rabbit: a multi-body dynamics analysis. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE, 11(99). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0564
Chicago author-date
Watson, Peter J, Flora Gröning, Neil Curtis, Laura C Fitton, Anthony Herrel, Steven W McCormack, and Michael J Fagan. 2014. “Masticatory Biomechanics in the Rabbit: A Multi-Body Dynamics Analysis.” JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE 11 (99). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0564.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Watson, Peter J, Flora Gröning, Neil Curtis, Laura C Fitton, Anthony Herrel, Steven W McCormack, and Michael J Fagan. 2014. “Masticatory Biomechanics in the Rabbit: A Multi-Body Dynamics Analysis.” JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE 11 (99). doi:10.1098/rsif.2014.0564.
Vancouver
1.
Watson PJ, Gröning F, Curtis N, Fitton LC, Herrel A, McCormack SW, et al. Masticatory biomechanics in the rabbit: a multi-body dynamics analysis. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE. 2014;11(99).
IEEE
[1]
P. J. Watson et al., “Masticatory biomechanics in the rabbit: a multi-body dynamics analysis,” JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE, vol. 11, no. 99, 2014.
@article{5735739,
  abstract     = {{Multi-body dynamics is a powerful engineering tool which is becoming increasingly popular for the simulation and analysis of skull biomechanics. This paper presents the first application of multi-body dynamics to analyse the biomechanics of the rabbit skull. A model has been constructed through the combination of manual dissection and three-dimensional imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging and micro-computed tomography). Individual muscles are represented with multiple layers, thus more accurately modelling muscle fibres with complex lines of action. Model validity was sought through comparing experimentally measured maximum incisor bite forces with those predicted by the model. Simulations of molar biting highlighted the ability of the masticatory system to alter recruitment of two muscle groups, in order to generate shearing or crushing movements. Molar shearing is capable of processing a food bolus in all three orthogonal directions, whereas molar crushing and incisor biting are predominately directed vertically. Simulations also show that the masticatory system is adapted to process foods through several cycles with low muscle activations, presumably in order to prevent rapidly fatiguing fast fibres during repeated chewing cycles. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of a validated multi-body dynamics model for investigating feeding biomechanics in the rabbit, and shows the potential for complementing and eventually reducing in vivo experiments.}},
  articleno    = {{20140564}},
  author       = {{Watson, Peter J and Gröning, Flora and Curtis, Neil and Fitton, Laura C and Herrel, Anthony and McCormack, Steven W and Fagan, Michael J}},
  issn         = {{1742-5689}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE}},
  keywords     = {{ORYCTOLAGUS-CUNICULUS,DENTAL DISEASE,MUSCULOSKELETAL MODEL,POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT,RIGID-BODY ANALYSIS,TEMPOROMANDIBULAR-JOINT,MASSETER MUSCLE,multi-body dynamics analysis,rabbit skull,bite force,mastication,:COMBINED FINITE-ELEMENT,UNILATERAL TOOTH LOSS,JAW-MUSCLE-ACTIVITY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{99}},
  pages        = {{14}},
  title        = {{Masticatory biomechanics in the rabbit: a multi-body dynamics analysis}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0564}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

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