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Giardia muris infection in mice is associated with a protective interleukin 17A response and induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

(2014) INFECTION AND IMMUNITY. 82(8). p.3333-3340
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Abstract
The protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (Giardia lamblia) is one of the most commonly found intestinal pathogens in mammals, including humans. In the current study, a Giardia muris-mouse model was used to analyze cytokine transcription patterns and histological changes in intestinal tissue at different time points during infection in C57BL/6 mice. Since earlier work revealed the upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in Giardia-infected calves, a second aim was to investigate the potential activation of PPARs in the intestines of infected mice. The most important observation in all mice was a strong upregulation of il17a starting around 1 week postinfection. The significance of interleukin 17A (IL-17A) in orchestrating a protective immune response was further demonstrated in an infection trial or experiment using IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) knockout (KO) mice: whereas in wild-type (WT) mice, cyst secretion dropped significantly after 3 weeks of infection, the IL-17RA KO mice were unable to clear the infection. Analysis of the intestinal response further indicated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) induction soon after the initial contact with the parasite, as characterized by the transcriptional upregulation of ppara itself and several downstream target genes such as pltp and cpt1. Overall, PPAR alpha did not seem to have any influence on the immune response against G. muris, since PPAR alpha KO animals expressed il-17a and could clear the infection similar to WT controls. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time the importance of IL-17 production in the clearance of a G. muris infection together with an early induction of PPAR alpha. The effect of the latter, however, is still unclear.
Keywords
IL-17, GENE-EXPRESSION, INFLAMMATION, ROLES, CELLS, RESISTANCE, INTESTINE, IMMUNITY, MODEL, LAMBLIA INFECTIONS

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MLA
Dreesen, Leentje, et al. “Giardia Muris Infection in Mice Is Associated with a Protective Interleukin 17A Response and Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha.” INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, vol. 82, no. 8, 2014, pp. 3333–40, doi:10.1128/IAI.01536-14.
APA
Dreesen, L., De Bosscher, K., Grit, G., Staels, B., Lubberts, E., Bauge, E., & Geldhof, P. (2014). Giardia muris infection in mice is associated with a protective interleukin 17A response and induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, 82(8), 3333–3340. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01536-14
Chicago author-date
Dreesen, Leentje, Karolien De Bosscher, Grietje Grit, Bart Staels, Erik Lubberts, Eric Bauge, and Peter Geldhof. 2014. “Giardia Muris Infection in Mice Is Associated with a Protective Interleukin 17A Response and Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha.” INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 82 (8): 3333–40. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01536-14.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Dreesen, Leentje, Karolien De Bosscher, Grietje Grit, Bart Staels, Erik Lubberts, Eric Bauge, and Peter Geldhof. 2014. “Giardia Muris Infection in Mice Is Associated with a Protective Interleukin 17A Response and Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha.” INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 82 (8): 3333–3340. doi:10.1128/IAI.01536-14.
Vancouver
1.
Dreesen L, De Bosscher K, Grit G, Staels B, Lubberts E, Bauge E, et al. Giardia muris infection in mice is associated with a protective interleukin 17A response and induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. INFECTION AND IMMUNITY. 2014;82(8):3333–40.
IEEE
[1]
L. Dreesen et al., “Giardia muris infection in mice is associated with a protective interleukin 17A response and induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,” INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, vol. 82, no. 8, pp. 3333–3340, 2014.
@article{5716404,
  abstract     = {{The protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (Giardia lamblia) is one of the most commonly found intestinal pathogens in mammals, including humans. In the current study, a Giardia muris-mouse model was used to analyze cytokine transcription patterns and histological changes in intestinal tissue at different time points during infection in C57BL/6 mice. Since earlier work revealed the upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in Giardia-infected calves, a second aim was to investigate the potential activation of PPARs in the intestines of infected mice. The most important observation in all mice was a strong upregulation of il17a starting around 1 week postinfection. The significance of interleukin 17A (IL-17A) in orchestrating a protective immune response was further demonstrated in an infection trial or experiment using IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) knockout (KO) mice: whereas in wild-type (WT) mice, cyst secretion dropped significantly after 3 weeks of infection, the IL-17RA KO mice were unable to clear the infection. Analysis of the intestinal response further indicated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) induction soon after the initial contact with the parasite, as characterized by the transcriptional upregulation of ppara itself and several downstream target genes such as pltp and cpt1. Overall, PPAR alpha did not seem to have any influence on the immune response against G. muris, since PPAR alpha KO animals expressed il-17a and could clear the infection similar to WT controls. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time the importance of IL-17 production in the clearance of a G. muris infection together with an early induction of PPAR alpha. The effect of the latter, however, is still unclear.}},
  author       = {{Dreesen, Leentje and De Bosscher, Karolien and Grit, Grietje and Staels, Bart and Lubberts, Erik and Bauge, Eric and Geldhof, Peter}},
  issn         = {{0019-9567}},
  journal      = {{INFECTION AND IMMUNITY}},
  keywords     = {{IL-17,GENE-EXPRESSION,INFLAMMATION,ROLES,CELLS,RESISTANCE,INTESTINE,IMMUNITY,MODEL,LAMBLIA INFECTIONS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{3333--3340}},
  title        = {{Giardia muris infection in mice is associated with a protective interleukin 17A response and induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01536-14}},
  volume       = {{82}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

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