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Dynamics of attentional bias to threat in anxious adults: bias towards and/or away?

(2014) PLOS ONE. 9(8).
Author
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to question untested assumptions about the nature of the expression of Attentional Bias (AB) towards and away from threat stimuli. We tested the idea that high trait anxious individuals (N= 106; M(SD)(age) = 23.9(3.2) years; 68% women) show a stable AB towards multiple categories of threatening information using the emotional visual dot probe task. AB with respect to five categories of threat stimuli (i.e., angry faces, attacking dogs, attacking snakes, pointed weapons, violent scenes) was evaluated. In contrast with current theories, we found that 34% of participants expressed AB towards threat stimuli, 20.8% AB away from threat stimuli, and 34% AB towards some categories of threat stimuli and away from others. The multiple observed expressions of AB were not an artifact of a specific criterion AB score cut-off; not specific to certain categories of threat stimuli; not an artifact of differences in within-subject variability in reaction time; nor accounted for by individual differences in anxiety-related variables. Findings are conceptualized as reflecting the understudied dynamics of AB expression, with implications for AB measurement and quantification, etiology, relations, and intervention research.
Keywords
IMPAIRMENT SCALE OASIS, SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE, EMOTIONAL DISORDERS, SELECTIVE ATTENTION, ANGRY FACES, TIME-COURSE, ANXIETY SEVERITY, VALIDATION, DISENGAGEMENT, INDIVIDUALS

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Citation

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MLA
Zvielli, A., et al. “Dynamics of Attentional Bias to Threat in Anxious Adults: Bias towards and/or Away?” PLOS ONE, vol. 9, no. 8, 2014, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0104025.
APA
Zvielli, A., Bernstein, A., & Koster, E. (2014). Dynamics of attentional bias to threat in anxious adults: bias towards and/or away? PLOS ONE, 9(8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104025
Chicago author-date
Zvielli, A, A Bernstein, and Ernst Koster. 2014. “Dynamics of Attentional Bias to Threat in Anxious Adults: Bias towards and/or Away?” PLOS ONE 9 (8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104025.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Zvielli, A, A Bernstein, and Ernst Koster. 2014. “Dynamics of Attentional Bias to Threat in Anxious Adults: Bias towards and/or Away?” PLOS ONE 9 (8). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0104025.
Vancouver
1.
Zvielli A, Bernstein A, Koster E. Dynamics of attentional bias to threat in anxious adults: bias towards and/or away? PLOS ONE. 2014;9(8).
IEEE
[1]
A. Zvielli, A. Bernstein, and E. Koster, “Dynamics of attentional bias to threat in anxious adults: bias towards and/or away?,” PLOS ONE, vol. 9, no. 8, 2014.
@article{5705347,
  abstract     = {{The aim of the present study was to question untested assumptions about the nature of the expression of Attentional Bias (AB) towards and away from threat stimuli. We tested the idea that high trait anxious individuals (N= 106; M(SD)(age) = 23.9(3.2) years; 68% women) show a stable AB towards multiple categories of threatening information using the emotional visual dot probe task. AB with respect to five categories of threat stimuli (i.e., angry faces, attacking dogs, attacking snakes, pointed weapons, violent scenes) was evaluated. In contrast with current theories, we found that 34% of participants expressed AB towards threat stimuli, 20.8% AB away from threat stimuli, and 34% AB towards some categories of threat stimuli and away from others. The multiple observed expressions of AB were not an artifact of a specific criterion AB score cut-off; not specific to certain categories of threat stimuli; not an artifact of differences in within-subject variability in reaction time; nor accounted for by individual differences in anxiety-related variables. Findings are conceptualized as reflecting the understudied dynamics of AB expression, with implications for AB measurement and quantification, etiology, relations, and intervention research.}},
  articleno    = {{e104025}},
  author       = {{Zvielli, A and Bernstein, A and Koster, Ernst}},
  issn         = {{1932-6203}},
  journal      = {{PLOS ONE}},
  keywords     = {{IMPAIRMENT SCALE OASIS,SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE,EMOTIONAL DISORDERS,SELECTIVE ATTENTION,ANGRY FACES,TIME-COURSE,ANXIETY SEVERITY,VALIDATION,DISENGAGEMENT,INDIVIDUALS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{25}},
  title        = {{Dynamics of attentional bias to threat in anxious adults: bias towards and/or away?}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104025}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

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