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The combined relationship of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality among men, accounting for physical fitness

(2014) AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY. 179(5). p.559-566
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the combined relationship of occupational physical activity and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality among men, while accounting for physical fitness. The prospective Belgian Physical Fitness Study included 1,456 male workers aged 40-55 years who were free of coronary heart disease at baseline. Baseline data were collected through questionnaires and clinical examinations from 1976 to 1978. To estimate physical fitness, a submaximal graded exercise test was performed on a bicycle ergometer. Total mortality was registered during a mean follow-up period of 16.9 years. Main results were obtained through Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. A total of 145 deaths were registered during follow-up. After adjustment for confounders, a significantly increased mortality rate was observed in workers who had low levels of both physical activity types (hazard ratio = 2.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 4.19) but also in workers combining high occupational physical activity and low leisure-time physical activity (hazard ratio = 2.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.07, 3.91); the latter finding was particularly pronounced among workers with a low physical fitness level. The present results confirm the existence of a complex interplay among different physical activity settings and fitness levels in predicting mortality.
Keywords
ASSOCIATION, WOMEN, PREVENTION, EMPLOYEES, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE, physical fitness, physical activity, occupation, mortality, RISK, WORK, MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, HEALTH

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Citation

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MLA
Clays, Els, et al. “The Combined Relationship of Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity with All-Cause Mortality among Men, Accounting for Physical Fitness.” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, vol. 179, no. 5, 2014, pp. 559–66, doi:10.1093/aje/kwt294.
APA
Clays, E., Lidegaard, M., De Bacquer, D., Van Herck, K., De Backer, G., Kittel, F., … Holtermann, A. (2014). The combined relationship of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality among men, accounting for physical fitness. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 179(5), 559–566. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwt294
Chicago author-date
Clays, Els, Mark Lidegaard, Dirk De Bacquer, Koen Van Herck, Gui De Backer, France Kittel, Patrick de Smet, and Andreas Holtermann. 2014. “The Combined Relationship of Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity with All-Cause Mortality among Men, Accounting for Physical Fitness.” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 179 (5): 559–66. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwt294.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Clays, Els, Mark Lidegaard, Dirk De Bacquer, Koen Van Herck, Gui De Backer, France Kittel, Patrick de Smet, and Andreas Holtermann. 2014. “The Combined Relationship of Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity with All-Cause Mortality among Men, Accounting for Physical Fitness.” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 179 (5): 559–566. doi:10.1093/aje/kwt294.
Vancouver
1.
Clays E, Lidegaard M, De Bacquer D, Van Herck K, De Backer G, Kittel F, et al. The combined relationship of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality among men, accounting for physical fitness. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY. 2014;179(5):559–66.
IEEE
[1]
E. Clays et al., “The combined relationship of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality among men, accounting for physical fitness,” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, vol. 179, no. 5, pp. 559–566, 2014.
@article{5695516,
  abstract     = {{The aim of this study was to assess the combined relationship of occupational physical activity and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality among men, while accounting for physical fitness. The prospective Belgian Physical Fitness Study included 1,456 male workers aged 40-55 years who were free of coronary heart disease at baseline. Baseline data were collected through questionnaires and clinical examinations from 1976 to 1978. To estimate physical fitness, a submaximal graded exercise test was performed on a bicycle ergometer. Total mortality was registered during a mean follow-up period of 16.9 years. Main results were obtained through Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. A total of 145 deaths were registered during follow-up. After adjustment for confounders, a significantly increased mortality rate was observed in workers who had low levels of both physical activity types (hazard ratio = 2.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 4.19) but also in workers combining high occupational physical activity and low leisure-time physical activity (hazard ratio = 2.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.07, 3.91); the latter finding was particularly pronounced among workers with a low physical fitness level. The present results confirm the existence of a complex interplay among different physical activity settings and fitness levels in predicting mortality.}},
  author       = {{Clays, Els and Lidegaard, Mark and De Bacquer, Dirk and Van Herck, Koen and De Backer, Gui and Kittel, France and de Smet, Patrick and Holtermann, Andreas}},
  issn         = {{0002-9262}},
  journal      = {{AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{ASSOCIATION,WOMEN,PREVENTION,EMPLOYEES,CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE,ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE,physical fitness,physical activity,occupation,mortality,RISK,WORK,MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION,HEALTH}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{559--566}},
  title        = {{The combined relationship of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality among men, accounting for physical fitness}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwt294}},
  volume       = {{179}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

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