Identification of Rhodococcus fascians cytokinins and their modus operandi to reshape the plant
(2009)
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
106(3).
p.929-934
- Author
- Ine Pertry (UGent) , Katerina Václavíková, Stephen Depuydt (UGent) , Petr Galuszka, Lukás Spíchal, Wim Temmerman (UGent) , Elisabeth Stes (UGent) , Thomas Schmülling, Tatsuo Kakimoto, Marc Van Montagu (UGent) , Miroslav Strnad, Marcella Holsters (UGent) , Petr Tarkowski and Danny Vereecke (UGent)
- Organization
- Abstract
- Decades ago, the importance of cytokinins (CKs) during Rhodococcus fascians pathology had been acknowledged, and an isopentenyltransferase gene had been characterized in the fas operon of the linear virulence plasmid, but hitherto, no specific CK(s) could be associated with virulence. We show that the CK receptors AHK3 and AHK4 of Arabidopsis thaliana are essential for symptom development, and that the CK perception machinery is induced upon infection, underlining its central role in the symptomatology. Three classical CKs [ isopentenyladenine, trans-zeatin, and cis-zeatin (cZ)] and their 2-methylthio (2MeS)-derivatives were identified by CK profiling of both the pathogenic R. fascians strain D188 and its nonpathogenic derivative D188-5. However, the much higher CK levels in strain D188 suggest that the linear plasmid is responsible for the virulence-associated production. All R. fascians CKs were recognized by AHK3 and AHK4, and, although they individually provoked typical CK responses in several bioassays, the mixture of bacterial CKs exhibited clear synergistic effects. The cis- and 2MeS-derivatives were poor substrates of the apoplastic CK oxidase/dehydrogenase enzymes and the latter were not cytotoxic at high concentrations. Consequently, the accumulating 2MeScZ (and cZ) in infected Arabidopsis tissue contribute to the continuous stimulation of tissue proliferation. Based on these results, we postulate that the R. fascians pathology is based on the local and persistent secretion of an array of CKs.
- Keywords
- CORYNEBACTERIUM-FASCIANS, LEAFY GALL FORMATION, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, SYNTHASE GENE, CIS-ZEATIN, VIRULENCE, STRAINS, PSEUDOMONAS, MUTANTS, RECEPTOR, phytohormone, actinomycete, phytopathogen
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Citation
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-528571
- MLA
- Pertry, Ine, et al. “Identification of Rhodococcus Fascians Cytokinins and Their Modus Operandi to Reshape the Plant.” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 106, no. 3, 2009, pp. 929–34, doi:10.1073/pnas.0811683106.
- APA
- Pertry, I., Václavíková, K., Depuydt, S., Galuszka, P., Spíchal, L., Temmerman, W., … Vereecke, D. (2009). Identification of Rhodococcus fascians cytokinins and their modus operandi to reshape the plant. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 106(3), 929–934. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811683106
- Chicago author-date
- Pertry, Ine, Katerina Václavíková, Stephen Depuydt, Petr Galuszka, Lukás Spíchal, Wim Temmerman, Elisabeth Stes, et al. 2009. “Identification of Rhodococcus Fascians Cytokinins and Their Modus Operandi to Reshape the Plant.” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 106 (3): 929–34. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811683106.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Pertry, Ine, Katerina Václavíková, Stephen Depuydt, Petr Galuszka, Lukás Spíchal, Wim Temmerman, Elisabeth Stes, Thomas Schmülling, Tatsuo Kakimoto, Marc Van Montagu, Miroslav Strnad, Marcella Holsters, Petr Tarkowski, and Danny Vereecke. 2009. “Identification of Rhodococcus Fascians Cytokinins and Their Modus Operandi to Reshape the Plant.” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 106 (3): 929–934. doi:10.1073/pnas.0811683106.
- Vancouver
- 1.Pertry I, Václavíková K, Depuydt S, Galuszka P, Spíchal L, Temmerman W, et al. Identification of Rhodococcus fascians cytokinins and their modus operandi to reshape the plant. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 2009;106(3):929–34.
- IEEE
- [1]I. Pertry et al., “Identification of Rhodococcus fascians cytokinins and their modus operandi to reshape the plant,” PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 106, no. 3, pp. 929–934, 2009.
@article{528571, abstract = {{Decades ago, the importance of cytokinins (CKs) during Rhodococcus fascians pathology had been acknowledged, and an isopentenyltransferase gene had been characterized in the fas operon of the linear virulence plasmid, but hitherto, no specific CK(s) could be associated with virulence. We show that the CK receptors AHK3 and AHK4 of Arabidopsis thaliana are essential for symptom development, and that the CK perception machinery is induced upon infection, underlining its central role in the symptomatology. Three classical CKs [ isopentenyladenine, trans-zeatin, and cis-zeatin (cZ)] and their 2-methylthio (2MeS)-derivatives were identified by CK profiling of both the pathogenic R. fascians strain D188 and its nonpathogenic derivative D188-5. However, the much higher CK levels in strain D188 suggest that the linear plasmid is responsible for the virulence-associated production. All R. fascians CKs were recognized by AHK3 and AHK4, and, although they individually provoked typical CK responses in several bioassays, the mixture of bacterial CKs exhibited clear synergistic effects. The cis- and 2MeS-derivatives were poor substrates of the apoplastic CK oxidase/dehydrogenase enzymes and the latter were not cytotoxic at high concentrations. Consequently, the accumulating 2MeScZ (and cZ) in infected Arabidopsis tissue contribute to the continuous stimulation of tissue proliferation. Based on these results, we postulate that the R. fascians pathology is based on the local and persistent secretion of an array of CKs.}}, author = {{Pertry, Ine and Václavíková, Katerina and Depuydt, Stephen and Galuszka, Petr and Spíchal, Lukás and Temmerman, Wim and Stes, Elisabeth and Schmülling, Thomas and Kakimoto, Tatsuo and Van Montagu, Marc and Strnad, Miroslav and Holsters, Marcella and Tarkowski, Petr and Vereecke, Danny}}, issn = {{0027-8424}}, journal = {{PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}}, keywords = {{CORYNEBACTERIUM-FASCIANS,LEAFY GALL FORMATION,ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA,SYNTHASE GENE,CIS-ZEATIN,VIRULENCE,STRAINS,PSEUDOMONAS,MUTANTS,RECEPTOR,phytohormone,actinomycete,phytopathogen}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{3}}, pages = {{929--934}}, title = {{Identification of Rhodococcus fascians cytokinins and their modus operandi to reshape the plant}}, url = {{http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811683106}}, volume = {{106}}, year = {{2009}}, }
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