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Modeling dissolved oxygen concentration for optimizing aeration systems and reducing oxygen consumption in activated sludge processes: a review

Erika Pittoors (UGent) , Yaping Guo and Stijn Van Hulle (UGent)
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Abstract
Aeration accounts for 30% to 75% of the total energy consumption in activated sludge processes (ASPs). This percentage can be significantly reduced since most aeration systems are not optimized for unsteady influent flow rates and oxygen requirements. Reconfiguration, replacement, and the application of optimal dissolved oxygen (DO) control strategies for current aeration systems within the facility and model-based optimization of DO in wastewater treatment plants can lead to impressive increased energy efficiency and savings and improved stability of the system. These measures increase the operational lifetime of the aeration equipment and improve effluent and activated sludge quality. This article provides a review of two critical nonlinear time-varying parameters that characterize the DO concentration dynamics in an ASP: the oxygen uptake rate (OUR), related to microorganism activity, and the volumetric oxygen mass transfer function, represented by the oxygen transfer rate (OTR). Second, the physico-chemical, geometric, and dynamic factors and aerator type affecting the oxygen mass transfer coefficient (K (L) a) are thoroughly discussed. The article concludes with model-based optimization, explaining the usefulness of accurate DO models in wastewater treatment, and provides examples for plant-wide or water chain cycle-focused optimizations.
Keywords
Oxygen uptake rate (OUR), Modeling, Activated sludge process (ASP), Oxygen transfer rate (OTR), Aeration, Optimization, Wastewater treatment, Volumetric mass transfer coefficient (K L a), Dissolved oxygen (DO), WASTE-WATER TREATMENT, MASS-TRANSFER, TREATMENT-PLANT, DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS, TRANSFER COEFFICIENT, MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR, TRANSFER EFFICIENCY, NUTRIENT REMOVAL, RETENTION TIME, SIMULATION

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MLA
Pittoors, Erika, et al. “Modeling Dissolved Oxygen Concentration for Optimizing Aeration Systems and Reducing Oxygen Consumption in Activated Sludge Processes: A Review.” CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 201, no. 8, 2014, pp. 983–1002, doi:10.1080/00986445.2014.883974.
APA
Pittoors, E., Guo, Y., & Van Hulle, S. (2014). Modeling dissolved oxygen concentration for optimizing aeration systems and reducing oxygen consumption in activated sludge processes: a review. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS, 201(8), 983–1002. https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2014.883974
Chicago author-date
Pittoors, Erika, Yaping Guo, and Stijn Van Hulle. 2014. “Modeling Dissolved Oxygen Concentration for Optimizing Aeration Systems and Reducing Oxygen Consumption in Activated Sludge Processes: A Review.” CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS 201 (8): 983–1002. https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2014.883974.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Pittoors, Erika, Yaping Guo, and Stijn Van Hulle. 2014. “Modeling Dissolved Oxygen Concentration for Optimizing Aeration Systems and Reducing Oxygen Consumption in Activated Sludge Processes: A Review.” CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS 201 (8): 983–1002. doi:10.1080/00986445.2014.883974.
Vancouver
1.
Pittoors E, Guo Y, Van Hulle S. Modeling dissolved oxygen concentration for optimizing aeration systems and reducing oxygen consumption in activated sludge processes: a review. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS. 2014;201(8):983–1002.
IEEE
[1]
E. Pittoors, Y. Guo, and S. Van Hulle, “Modeling dissolved oxygen concentration for optimizing aeration systems and reducing oxygen consumption in activated sludge processes: a review,” CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 201, no. 8, pp. 983–1002, 2014.
@article{4375774,
  abstract     = {{Aeration accounts for 30% to 75% of the total energy consumption in activated sludge processes (ASPs). This percentage can be significantly reduced since most aeration systems are not optimized for unsteady influent flow rates and oxygen requirements. Reconfiguration, replacement, and the application of optimal dissolved oxygen (DO) control strategies for current aeration systems within the facility and model-based optimization of DO in wastewater treatment plants can lead to impressive increased energy efficiency and savings and improved stability of the system. These measures increase the operational lifetime of the aeration equipment and improve effluent and activated sludge quality. This article provides a review of two critical nonlinear time-varying parameters that characterize the DO concentration dynamics in an ASP: the oxygen uptake rate (OUR), related to microorganism activity, and the volumetric oxygen mass transfer function, represented by the oxygen transfer rate (OTR). Second, the physico-chemical, geometric, and dynamic factors and aerator type affecting the oxygen mass transfer coefficient (K (L) a) are thoroughly discussed. The article concludes with model-based optimization, explaining the usefulness of accurate DO models in wastewater treatment, and provides examples for plant-wide or water chain cycle-focused optimizations.}},
  author       = {{Pittoors, Erika and Guo, Yaping and Van Hulle, Stijn}},
  issn         = {{0098-6445}},
  journal      = {{CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS}},
  keywords     = {{Oxygen uptake rate (OUR),Modeling,Activated sludge process (ASP),Oxygen transfer rate (OTR),Aeration,Optimization,Wastewater treatment,Volumetric mass transfer coefficient (K L a),Dissolved oxygen (DO),WASTE-WATER TREATMENT,MASS-TRANSFER,TREATMENT-PLANT,DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS,TRANSFER COEFFICIENT,MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR,TRANSFER EFFICIENCY,NUTRIENT REMOVAL,RETENTION TIME,SIMULATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{983--1002}},
  title        = {{Modeling dissolved oxygen concentration for optimizing aeration systems and reducing oxygen consumption in activated sludge processes: a review}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2014.883974}},
  volume       = {{201}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

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