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Influence of heavy metals on the early hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate

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Abstract
The hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate in the presence of heavy metal is essential not only for applying the cement in solidification/stabilization (s/s) process, but also for preparing modern green cements from wastes containing heavy metals. In this study, the influence of gypsum, types, and concentrations of heavy metal nitrates (Pb(NO3)(2), Cr(NO3)(3)center dot 9H(2)O, Cu(NO3)(2)center dot 3H(2)O, Zn(NO3)(2)center dot 6H(2)O) on the hydration of during the first 24 h were investigated by isothermal conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The addition of 20 % of gypsum to leads to a rapid formation of ettringite against monosulfate and acceleration of hydration. The effects of heavy metals on the hydration of depend on the types of heavy metals and the addition of gypsum. Without any gypsum addition, heavy metal nitrates such as Cr, Cu, and Zn promote the hydration of , whereas Pb presents a strong retardation effect at the early age of hydration. When 20 % of gypsum is added to , heavy metals tend to accelerate the hydration of the blended pastes except Zn. However, heavy metal containing phases were not detected in this work, which needs to be supplemented by further investigations.
Keywords
FLY-ASH, PORTLAND-CEMENT, BELITE CEMENT, IMMOBILIZATION, ETTRINGITE, BEHAVIOR, STABILIZATION, SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION, PERFORMANCE, RESIDUALS, Calcium sulfoaluminate, Hydration, Heavy metals, Early age, Calorimetry

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MLA
Wu, Kai, et al. “Influence of Heavy Metals on the Early Hydration of Calcium Sulfoaluminate.” JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, vol. 115, no. 2, SPRINGER, 2014, pp. 1153–62, doi:10.1007/s10973-013-3376-9.
APA
Wu, K., Shi, H., Xu, L., Guo, X., De Schutter, G., & Xu, M. (2014). Influence of heavy metals on the early hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate. JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, 115(2), 1153–1162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3376-9
Chicago author-date
Wu, Kai, Huisheng Shi, Linglin Xu, Xiaolu Guo, Geert De Schutter, and Mingfeng Xu. 2014. “Influence of Heavy Metals on the Early Hydration of Calcium Sulfoaluminate.” JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY 115 (2): 1153–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3376-9.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Wu, Kai, Huisheng Shi, Linglin Xu, Xiaolu Guo, Geert De Schutter, and Mingfeng Xu. 2014. “Influence of Heavy Metals on the Early Hydration of Calcium Sulfoaluminate.” JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY 115 (2): 1153–1162. doi:10.1007/s10973-013-3376-9.
Vancouver
1.
Wu K, Shi H, Xu L, Guo X, De Schutter G, Xu M. Influence of heavy metals on the early hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate. JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY. 2014;115(2):1153–62.
IEEE
[1]
K. Wu, H. Shi, L. Xu, X. Guo, G. De Schutter, and M. Xu, “Influence of heavy metals on the early hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate,” JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, vol. 115, no. 2, pp. 1153–1162, 2014.
@article{4375161,
  abstract     = {{The hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate in the presence of heavy metal is essential not only for applying the cement in solidification/stabilization (s/s) process, but also for preparing modern green cements from wastes containing heavy metals. In this study, the influence of gypsum, types, and concentrations of heavy metal nitrates (Pb(NO3)(2), Cr(NO3)(3)center dot 9H(2)O, Cu(NO3)(2)center dot 3H(2)O, Zn(NO3)(2)center dot 6H(2)O) on the hydration of during the first 24 h were investigated by isothermal conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The addition of 20 % of gypsum to leads to a rapid formation of ettringite against monosulfate and acceleration of hydration. The effects of heavy metals on the hydration of depend on the types of heavy metals and the addition of gypsum. Without any gypsum addition, heavy metal nitrates such as Cr, Cu, and Zn promote the hydration of , whereas Pb presents a strong retardation effect at the early age of hydration. When 20 % of gypsum is added to , heavy metals tend to accelerate the hydration of the blended pastes except Zn. However, heavy metal containing phases were not detected in this work, which needs to be supplemented by further investigations.}},
  author       = {{Wu, Kai and Shi, Huisheng and Xu, Linglin and Guo, Xiaolu and De Schutter, Geert and Xu, Mingfeng}},
  issn         = {{1388-6150}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY}},
  keywords     = {{FLY-ASH,PORTLAND-CEMENT,BELITE CEMENT,IMMOBILIZATION,ETTRINGITE,BEHAVIOR,STABILIZATION,SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION,PERFORMANCE,RESIDUALS,Calcium sulfoaluminate,Hydration,Heavy metals,Early age,Calorimetry}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{1153--1162}},
  publisher    = {{SPRINGER}},
  title        = {{Influence of heavy metals on the early hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3376-9}},
  volume       = {{115}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

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