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Set-up effects of piles in sand tested in the centrifuge

DA De Lange, AF Van Tol, J Dijkstra, Adam Bezuijen (UGent) and R Stoevelaar
(2014) 8th International Conference on Physical modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings. 2. p.721-727
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Abstract
The bearing capacity of piles increases over time. Research has shown that this is caused by an increase in shaft friction combined with a constant or only slightly increasing base capacity. Although there are some ideas on the mechanisms that play a role there is no quantitative model to describe this mechanism. From the literature the shaft friction seems to increase linearly with the logarithm of time. For piles in the field this is proven by load tests performed between 1 until approximately 1000 days after installation. Literature indicates that set-up as a function of time is also present minutes and hours after installation. This allows investigating the set-up mechanisms under controlled conditions in a centrifuge. Therefore two test series have been performed to investigate the set-up for a single pile and a pile group. This paper presents the relevant literature and describes the position of the tests in the on-going research program on piles in The Netherlands. Furthermore, the results will be described and discussed. Time dependency in bearing capacity in sand can be observed in the centrifuge tests, although it is not certain whether some of the increase has not been caused by other mechanisms. It appears that the testing conditions as well as the effects of installation of neighboring piles are of great importance on the time effects.
Keywords
centrifuge, Piles

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MLA
De Lange, DA, et al. “Set-up Effects of Piles in Sand Tested in the Centrifuge.” 8th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings, edited by Christophe Gaudin and David White, vol. 2, CRC Press - Taylor and Francis Group, 2014, pp. 721–27.
APA
De Lange, D., Van Tol, A., Dijkstra, J., Bezuijen, A., & Stoevelaar, R. (2014). Set-up effects of piles in sand tested in the centrifuge. In C. Gaudin & D. White (Eds.), 8th International Conference on Physical modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings (Vol. 2, pp. 721–727). Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press - Taylor and Francis Group.
Chicago author-date
De Lange, DA, AF Van Tol, J Dijkstra, Adam Bezuijen, and R Stoevelaar. 2014. “Set-up Effects of Piles in Sand Tested in the Centrifuge.” In 8th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings, edited by Christophe Gaudin and David White, 2:721–27. Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press - Taylor and Francis Group.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
De Lange, DA, AF Van Tol, J Dijkstra, Adam Bezuijen, and R Stoevelaar. 2014. “Set-up Effects of Piles in Sand Tested in the Centrifuge.” In 8th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings, ed by. Christophe Gaudin and David White, 2:721–727. Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press - Taylor and Francis Group.
Vancouver
1.
De Lange D, Van Tol A, Dijkstra J, Bezuijen A, Stoevelaar R. Set-up effects of piles in sand tested in the centrifuge. In: Gaudin C, White D, editors. 8th International Conference on Physical modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings. Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press - Taylor and Francis Group; 2014. p. 721–7.
IEEE
[1]
D. De Lange, A. Van Tol, J. Dijkstra, A. Bezuijen, and R. Stoevelaar, “Set-up effects of piles in sand tested in the centrifuge,” in 8th International Conference on Physical modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings, Perth, Australia, 2014, vol. 2, pp. 721–727.
@inproceedings{4243471,
  abstract     = {{The bearing capacity of piles increases over time. Research has shown that this is caused by an increase in shaft friction combined with a constant or only slightly increasing base capacity. Although there are some ideas on the mechanisms that play a role there is no quantitative model to describe this mechanism. From the literature the shaft friction seems to increase linearly with the logarithm of time. For piles in the field this is proven by load tests performed between 1 until approximately 1000 days after installation. Literature indicates that set-up as a function of time is also present minutes and hours after installation. This allows investigating the set-up mechanisms under controlled conditions in a centrifuge. Therefore two test series have been performed to investigate the set-up for a single pile and a pile group. This paper presents the relevant literature and describes the position of the tests in the on-going research program on piles in The Netherlands. Furthermore, the results will be described and discussed. Time dependency in bearing capacity in sand can be observed in the centrifuge tests, although it is not certain whether some of the increase has not been caused by other mechanisms. It appears that the testing conditions as well as the effects of installation of neighboring piles are of great importance on the time effects.}},
  author       = {{De Lange, DA and Van Tol, AF and Dijkstra, J and Bezuijen, Adam and Stoevelaar, R}},
  booktitle    = {{8th International Conference on Physical modelling in Geotechnics, Proceedings}},
  editor       = {{Gaudin, Christophe and White, David}},
  isbn         = {{9781138001527}},
  keywords     = {{centrifuge,Piles}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  location     = {{Perth, Australia}},
  pages        = {{721--727}},
  publisher    = {{CRC Press - Taylor and Francis Group}},
  title        = {{Set-up effects of piles in sand tested in the centrifuge}},
  volume       = {{2}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}