@article{4163808,
  abstract     = {Objectives: To determine whether dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can differentiate benign from malignant cartilage tumours compared to standard MRI. To investigate whether a cutoff value could be determined to differentiate enchondroma from low-grade chondrosarcoma (CS) more accurately.
Methods: One hundred six patients were included in this retrospective study: 75 with enchondromas (mean age = 41 years) and 31 with CS (mean age = 47 years). Within this population, a subgroup of patients was selected with the tumour arising in a long bone. At the time of diagnosis, the tumours were evaluated on MRI, including standard MRI, DCE-MRI, and region-of-interest (ROI) analysis to obtain information on tumour vascularisation and perfusion.
Results: The main cutoff value to differentiate enchondroma from CS contained a two-fold more relative enhancement compared with muscle, combined with a 4.5 (= 76A degrees) slope value, with 100 \% sensitivity and 63.3 \% specificity. The prediction of CS diagnosis with DCE-MRI had 93.4 \% accuracy. The accuracy of the standard MRI parameters was equal to the DCE-MRI parameters.
Conclusions: Standard MRI and DCE-MRI both play an important and complementary role in differentiating enchondroma from low-grade CS. A combination of both imaging techniques leads to the highest diagnostic accuracy for differentiating cartilaginous tumours.
Key points:
- DCE-MRI plays an important role in differentiating benign from malignant cartilage tumours.
- Retrospective study defined a threshold for 100 \% detection of chondrosarcoma with DCE-MRI.
- The threshold values were relative enhancement = 2 and slope = 4.5. 
- One hundred per cent chondrosarcoma detection corresponds with 36.7 \% false-positive diagnosis of enchondroma.
- Standard MRI is complementary to DCE-MRI in differentiating cartilaginous tumours.},
  author       = {De Coninck, Tineke and Jans, Lennart and Sys, Gwen and Huysse, Wouter and Verstraeten, Tom and Forsyth, Ramses and Poffyn, Bart and Verstraete, Koenraad},
  issn         = {0938-7994},
  journal      = {EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY},
  keyword      = {Chondrosarcoma,Enchondroma,Dynamic,Differentiation,DCE-MRI,CARTILAGINOUS TUMORS,BONE-TUMORS,PERFUSION,FEATURES,LESIONS,BENIGN},
  language     = {eng},
  number       = {11},
  pages        = {3140--3152},
  title        = {Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging for differentiation between enchondroma and chondrosarcoma},
  url          = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-013-2913-z},
  volume       = {23},
  year         = {2013},
}

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