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Are vesicular neurotransmitter transporters potential treatment targets for temporal lobe epilepsy?

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Abstract
The vesicular neurotransmitter transporters (VNTs) are small proteins responsible for packing synaptic vesicles with neurotransmitters thereby determining the amount of neurotransmitter released per vesicle through fusion in both neurons and glial cells. Each transporter subtype was classically seen as a specific neuronal marker of the respective nerve cells containing that particular neurotransmitter or structurally related neurotransmitters. More recently, however, it has become apparent that common neurotransmitters can also act as co-transmitters, adding complexity to neurotransmitter release and suggesting intriguing roles for VNTs therein. We will first describe the current knowledge on vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT1/2/3), the vesicular excitatory amino acid transporter (VEAT), the vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), vesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT1/2), the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and the vesicular γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter (VGAT) in the brain. We will focus on evidence regarding transgenic mice with disruptions in VNTs in different models of seizures and epilepsy. We will also describe the known alterations and reorganizations in the expression levels of these VNTs in rodent models for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and in human tissue resected for epilepsy surgery. Finally, we will discuss perspectives on opportunities and challenges for VNTs as targets for possible future epilepsy therapies.
Keywords
SLC32, SLC17, antiepileptic drugs, temporal lobe epilepsy, epileptogenesis, SLC18, vesicular neurotransmitter transporters, PILOCARPINE-INDUCED SEIZURES, ACID STORAGE DISEASES, MAJOR FACILITATOR SUPERFAMILY, INTERCELLULAR CALCIUM WAVES, CHOLINERGIC GENE-EXPRESSION, MOSSY FIBER SYNAPTOSOMES, MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION, GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID, NEURONAL GAP-JUNCTIONS, ACETYLCHOLINE TRANSPORTER

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MLA
Van Liefferinge, Joeri, et al. “Are Vesicular Neurotransmitter Transporters Potential Treatment Targets for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy?” FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE, vol. 7, 2013, doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00139.
APA
Van Liefferinge, J., Massie, A., Portelli, J., Di Giovanni, G., & Smolders, I. (2013). Are vesicular neurotransmitter transporters potential treatment targets for temporal lobe epilepsy? FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2013.00139
Chicago author-date
Van Liefferinge, Joeri, Ann Massie, Jeanelle Portelli, Giuseppe Di Giovanni, and Ilse Smolders. 2013. “Are Vesicular Neurotransmitter Transporters Potential Treatment Targets for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy?” FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2013.00139.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van Liefferinge, Joeri, Ann Massie, Jeanelle Portelli, Giuseppe Di Giovanni, and Ilse Smolders. 2013. “Are Vesicular Neurotransmitter Transporters Potential Treatment Targets for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy?” FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE 7. doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00139.
Vancouver
1.
Van Liefferinge J, Massie A, Portelli J, Di Giovanni G, Smolders I. Are vesicular neurotransmitter transporters potential treatment targets for temporal lobe epilepsy? FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE. 2013;7.
IEEE
[1]
J. Van Liefferinge, A. Massie, J. Portelli, G. Di Giovanni, and I. Smolders, “Are vesicular neurotransmitter transporters potential treatment targets for temporal lobe epilepsy?,” FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE, vol. 7, 2013.
@article{4141451,
  abstract     = {{The vesicular neurotransmitter transporters (VNTs) are small proteins responsible for packing synaptic vesicles with neurotransmitters thereby determining the amount of neurotransmitter released per vesicle through fusion in both neurons and glial cells. Each transporter subtype was classically seen as a specific neuronal marker of the respective nerve cells containing that particular neurotransmitter or structurally related neurotransmitters. More recently, however, it has become apparent that common neurotransmitters can also act as co-transmitters, adding complexity to neurotransmitter release and suggesting intriguing roles for VNTs therein. We will first describe the current knowledge on vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT1/2/3), the vesicular excitatory amino acid transporter (VEAT), the vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT), vesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT1/2), the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and the vesicular γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter (VGAT) in the brain. We will focus on evidence regarding transgenic mice with disruptions in VNTs in different models of seizures and epilepsy. We will also describe the known alterations and reorganizations in the expression levels of these VNTs in rodent models for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and in human tissue resected for epilepsy surgery. Finally, we will discuss perspectives on opportunities and challenges for VNTs as targets for possible future epilepsy therapies.}},
  articleno    = {{139}},
  author       = {{Van Liefferinge, Joeri and Massie, Ann and Portelli, Jeanelle and Di Giovanni, Giuseppe and Smolders, Ilse}},
  issn         = {{1662-5102}},
  journal      = {{FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE}},
  keywords     = {{SLC32,SLC17,antiepileptic drugs,temporal lobe epilepsy,epileptogenesis,SLC18,vesicular neurotransmitter transporters,PILOCARPINE-INDUCED SEIZURES,ACID STORAGE DISEASES,MAJOR FACILITATOR SUPERFAMILY,INTERCELLULAR CALCIUM WAVES,CHOLINERGIC GENE-EXPRESSION,MOSSY FIBER SYNAPTOSOMES,MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION,GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID,NEURONAL GAP-JUNCTIONS,ACETYLCHOLINE TRANSPORTER}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{24}},
  title        = {{Are vesicular neurotransmitter transporters potential treatment targets for temporal lobe epilepsy?}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2013.00139}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

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