T-2 toxin impairs antifungal activities of chicken macrophages against Aspergillus fumigatus conidia but promotes the pro-inflammatory responses
- Author
- Shaoji Li (UGent) , Frank Pasmans (UGent) , Siska Croubels (UGent) , Elin Verbrugghe (UGent) , Lieven Van Waeyenberghe (UGent) , Zhen Yang (UGent) , Freddy Haesebrouck (UGent) and An Martel (UGent)
- Organization
- Abstract
- Aspergillosis is the most common fungal disease of the avian respiratory tract and is caused primarily by Aspergillus fumigatus. The respiratory macrophages provide important defence against aspergillosis. T-2 toxin (T-2), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. in improperly stored agricultural products, has immunomodulatory effects. We studied the impact of T-2 on the antifungal response of the chicken macrophage cell line HD-11 against A. fumigatus infection. The macrophages were first exposed to 0.5 to 10 ng/ml T-2 for 24 h, and then their viability, antifungal activity, and cytokine expression in response to A. fumigatus conidial infection were determined. The viability of macrophages decreased when exposed to T-2 at concentrations higher than 1 ng/ml. One hour after conidial infection, phagocytosed conidia were observed in 30% of the non-T-2-exposed macrophages, but in only 5% of the macrophages exposed to 5 ng/ml T-2. Seven hours after infection, 24% of the conidia associated with non-T-2-exposed macrophages germinated, in contrast to 75% of those with macrophages exposed to 5 ng/ml T-2. A. fumigatus infection induced upregulation of interleukin (IL)-1β, CXCLi1, CXCLi2 and IL-12β, and downregulation of transforming growth factor-β4 in macrophages. Exposure of A. fumigatus-infected macrophages to T-2 at 1 to 5 ng/ml further upregulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, CCLi2, CXCLi1, CXCLi2, IL-18 (at 1 and 2 ng/ml) and IL-12β, and further downregulated that of transforming growth factor-β4 (at 5 ng/ml). In conclusion, T-2 impaired the antifungal activities of chicken macrophages against A. fumigatus conidia, but might stimulate immune response by upregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and T-helper 1 cytokines.
- Keywords
- PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES, GENE-EXPRESSION, ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES, INTERFERON-GAMMA, EIMERIA-TENELLA, CELL-LINE, IN-VITRO, CYTOKINE, INFECTIONS, STRAINS
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Citation
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-4125976
- MLA
- Li, Shaoji, et al. “T-2 Toxin Impairs Antifungal Activities of Chicken Macrophages against Aspergillus Fumigatus Conidia but Promotes the pro-Inflammatory Responses.” AVIAN PATHOLOGY, vol. 42, no. 5, 2013, pp. 457–63, doi:10.1080/03079457.2013.822958.
- APA
- Li, S., Pasmans, F., Croubels, S., Verbrugghe, E., Van Waeyenberghe, L., Yang, Z., … Martel, A. (2013). T-2 toxin impairs antifungal activities of chicken macrophages against Aspergillus fumigatus conidia but promotes the pro-inflammatory responses. AVIAN PATHOLOGY, 42(5), 457–463. https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2013.822958
- Chicago author-date
- Li, Shaoji, Frank Pasmans, Siska Croubels, Elin Verbrugghe, Lieven Van Waeyenberghe, Zhen Yang, Freddy Haesebrouck, and An Martel. 2013. “T-2 Toxin Impairs Antifungal Activities of Chicken Macrophages against Aspergillus Fumigatus Conidia but Promotes the pro-Inflammatory Responses.” AVIAN PATHOLOGY 42 (5): 457–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2013.822958.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Li, Shaoji, Frank Pasmans, Siska Croubels, Elin Verbrugghe, Lieven Van Waeyenberghe, Zhen Yang, Freddy Haesebrouck, and An Martel. 2013. “T-2 Toxin Impairs Antifungal Activities of Chicken Macrophages against Aspergillus Fumigatus Conidia but Promotes the pro-Inflammatory Responses.” AVIAN PATHOLOGY 42 (5): 457–463. doi:10.1080/03079457.2013.822958.
- Vancouver
- 1.Li S, Pasmans F, Croubels S, Verbrugghe E, Van Waeyenberghe L, Yang Z, et al. T-2 toxin impairs antifungal activities of chicken macrophages against Aspergillus fumigatus conidia but promotes the pro-inflammatory responses. AVIAN PATHOLOGY. 2013;42(5):457–63.
- IEEE
- [1]S. Li et al., “T-2 toxin impairs antifungal activities of chicken macrophages against Aspergillus fumigatus conidia but promotes the pro-inflammatory responses,” AVIAN PATHOLOGY, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 457–463, 2013.
@article{4125976, abstract = {{Aspergillosis is the most common fungal disease of the avian respiratory tract and is caused primarily by Aspergillus fumigatus. The respiratory macrophages provide important defence against aspergillosis. T-2 toxin (T-2), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium spp. in improperly stored agricultural products, has immunomodulatory effects. We studied the impact of T-2 on the antifungal response of the chicken macrophage cell line HD-11 against A. fumigatus infection. The macrophages were first exposed to 0.5 to 10 ng/ml T-2 for 24 h, and then their viability, antifungal activity, and cytokine expression in response to A. fumigatus conidial infection were determined. The viability of macrophages decreased when exposed to T-2 at concentrations higher than 1 ng/ml. One hour after conidial infection, phagocytosed conidia were observed in 30% of the non-T-2-exposed macrophages, but in only 5% of the macrophages exposed to 5 ng/ml T-2. Seven hours after infection, 24% of the conidia associated with non-T-2-exposed macrophages germinated, in contrast to 75% of those with macrophages exposed to 5 ng/ml T-2. A. fumigatus infection induced upregulation of interleukin (IL)-1β, CXCLi1, CXCLi2 and IL-12β, and downregulation of transforming growth factor-β4 in macrophages. Exposure of A. fumigatus-infected macrophages to T-2 at 1 to 5 ng/ml further upregulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, CCLi2, CXCLi1, CXCLi2, IL-18 (at 1 and 2 ng/ml) and IL-12β, and further downregulated that of transforming growth factor-β4 (at 5 ng/ml). In conclusion, T-2 impaired the antifungal activities of chicken macrophages against A. fumigatus conidia, but might stimulate immune response by upregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and T-helper 1 cytokines.}}, author = {{Li, Shaoji and Pasmans, Frank and Croubels, Siska and Verbrugghe, Elin and Van Waeyenberghe, Lieven and Yang, Zhen and Haesebrouck, Freddy and Martel, An}}, issn = {{0307-9457}}, journal = {{AVIAN PATHOLOGY}}, keywords = {{PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES,GENE-EXPRESSION,ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES,INTERFERON-GAMMA,EIMERIA-TENELLA,CELL-LINE,IN-VITRO,CYTOKINE,INFECTIONS,STRAINS}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{5}}, pages = {{457--463}}, title = {{T-2 toxin impairs antifungal activities of chicken macrophages against Aspergillus fumigatus conidia but promotes the pro-inflammatory responses}}, url = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2013.822958}}, volume = {{42}}, year = {{2013}}, }
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