
Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia
- Author
- Moinuddin Ahmed, Kevin J Anchukaitis, Asfawossen Asrat, Hemant P Borgaonkar, Martina Braida, Brendan M Buckley, Ulf Büntgen, Brian M Chase, Duncan A Christie, Edward R Cook, Mark AJ Curran, Henry F Diaz, Jan Esper, Ze-Xin Fan, Narayan P Gaire, Quansheng Ge, Joëlle Gergis, J Fidel González-Rouco, Hugues Goosse, Stefan W Grab, Nicholas Graham, Rochelle Graham, Martin Grosjean, Sami T Hanhijärvi, Darrell S Kaufman, Thorsten Kiefer, Katsuhiko Kimura, Atte A Korhola, Paul J Krusic, Antonio Lara, Anne-Marie Lézine, Fredrik C Ljungqvist, Andrew M Lorrey, Jürg Luterbacher, Valerie Masson-Delmotte, Danny McCarroll, Joseph R McConnell, Nicholas P McKay, Mariano S Morales, Andrew D Moy, Robert Mulvaney, Ignacio A Mundo, Takeshi Nakatsuka, David J Nash, Raphael Neukom, Sharon E Nicholson, Hans Oerter, Jonathan G Palmer, Steven J Phipps, Maria R Prieto, Andres Rivera, Masaki Sano, Mirko Severi, Timothy M Shanahan, Xuemei Shao, Feng Shi, Michael Sigl, Jason E Smerdon, Olga N Solomina, Eric J Steig, Barbara Stenni, Meloth Thamban, Valerie Trouet, Chris SM Turney, Mohammed Umer, Tas van Ommen, Dirk Verschuren (UGent) , Andre E Viau, Ricardo Villalba, Bo M Vinther, Lucien von Gunten, Sebastian Wagner, Eugene R Wahl, Heinz Wanner, Johannes P Werner, James WC White, Koh Yasue and Eduardo Zorita
- Organization
- Abstract
- Past global climate changes had strong regional expression. To elucidate their spatial-temporal pattern, we reconstructed past temperatures for seven continental-scale regions during the last one to two millennia. The most coherent feature in nearly all of the regional temperature reconstructions is a long-term cooling trend, which ended late in the 19th century. At multi-decadal to centennial scales, temperature variability shows distinctly different regional patterns, with more similarity within each hemisphere than between them. There were no globally synchronous multi-decadal warm or cold intervals that define a worldwide Medieval Warm Period or Little Ice Age, but all reconstructions show generally cold conditions between 1580 and 1880 CE, punctuated in some regions by warm decades during the 18th century. The transition to these colder conditions occurred earlier in the Arctic, Europe and Asia than in North America or the Southern Hemisphere regions. Recent warming reversed the long-term cooling; during the last 30-year period (1971-2000 CE), the area-weighted average reconstructed temperature was likely higher than anytime in nearly 1400 years.
- Keywords
- SIMULATIONS, RESOLUTION, CLIMATE, RECONSTRUCTIONS, STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE, NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE, ICE-AGE, LAST MILLENNIUM, EVOLUTION, CENTURIES
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Citation
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-4091838
- MLA
- Ahmed, Moinuddin, et al. “Continental-Scale Temperature Variability during the Past Two Millennia.” NATURE GEOSCIENCE, vol. 6, no. 5, 2013, pp. 339–46, doi:10.1038/NGEO1797.
- APA
- Ahmed, M., Anchukaitis, K. J., Asrat, A., Borgaonkar, H. P., Braida, M., Buckley, B. M., … Zorita, E. (2013). Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia. NATURE GEOSCIENCE, 6(5), 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1797
- Chicago author-date
- Ahmed, Moinuddin, Kevin J Anchukaitis, Asfawossen Asrat, Hemant P Borgaonkar, Martina Braida, Brendan M Buckley, Ulf Büntgen, et al. 2013. “Continental-Scale Temperature Variability during the Past Two Millennia.” NATURE GEOSCIENCE 6 (5): 339–46. https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1797.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Ahmed, Moinuddin, Kevin J Anchukaitis, Asfawossen Asrat, Hemant P Borgaonkar, Martina Braida, Brendan M Buckley, Ulf Büntgen, Brian M Chase, Duncan A Christie, Edward R Cook, Mark AJ Curran, Henry F Diaz, Jan Esper, Ze-Xin Fan, Narayan P Gaire, Quansheng Ge, Joëlle Gergis, J Fidel González-Rouco, Hugues Goosse, Stefan W Grab, Nicholas Graham, Rochelle Graham, Martin Grosjean, Sami T Hanhijärvi, Darrell S Kaufman, Thorsten Kiefer, Katsuhiko Kimura, Atte A Korhola, Paul J Krusic, Antonio Lara, Anne-Marie Lézine, Fredrik C Ljungqvist, Andrew M Lorrey, Jürg Luterbacher, Valerie Masson-Delmotte, Danny McCarroll, Joseph R McConnell, Nicholas P McKay, Mariano S Morales, Andrew D Moy, Robert Mulvaney, Ignacio A Mundo, Takeshi Nakatsuka, David J Nash, Raphael Neukom, Sharon E Nicholson, Hans Oerter, Jonathan G Palmer, Steven J Phipps, Maria R Prieto, Andres Rivera, Masaki Sano, Mirko Severi, Timothy M Shanahan, Xuemei Shao, Feng Shi, Michael Sigl, Jason E Smerdon, Olga N Solomina, Eric J Steig, Barbara Stenni, Meloth Thamban, Valerie Trouet, Chris SM Turney, Mohammed Umer, Tas van Ommen, Dirk Verschuren, Andre E Viau, Ricardo Villalba, Bo M Vinther, Lucien von Gunten, Sebastian Wagner, Eugene R Wahl, Heinz Wanner, Johannes P Werner, James WC White, Koh Yasue, and Eduardo Zorita. 2013. “Continental-Scale Temperature Variability during the Past Two Millennia.” NATURE GEOSCIENCE 6 (5): 339–346. doi:10.1038/NGEO1797.
- Vancouver
- 1.Ahmed M, Anchukaitis KJ, Asrat A, Borgaonkar HP, Braida M, Buckley BM, et al. Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia. NATURE GEOSCIENCE. 2013;6(5):339–46.
- IEEE
- [1]M. Ahmed et al., “Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia,” NATURE GEOSCIENCE, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 339–346, 2013.
@article{4091838, abstract = {{Past global climate changes had strong regional expression. To elucidate their spatial-temporal pattern, we reconstructed past temperatures for seven continental-scale regions during the last one to two millennia. The most coherent feature in nearly all of the regional temperature reconstructions is a long-term cooling trend, which ended late in the 19th century. At multi-decadal to centennial scales, temperature variability shows distinctly different regional patterns, with more similarity within each hemisphere than between them. There were no globally synchronous multi-decadal warm or cold intervals that define a worldwide Medieval Warm Period or Little Ice Age, but all reconstructions show generally cold conditions between 1580 and 1880 CE, punctuated in some regions by warm decades during the 18th century. The transition to these colder conditions occurred earlier in the Arctic, Europe and Asia than in North America or the Southern Hemisphere regions. Recent warming reversed the long-term cooling; during the last 30-year period (1971-2000 CE), the area-weighted average reconstructed temperature was likely higher than anytime in nearly 1400 years.}}, author = {{Ahmed, Moinuddin and Anchukaitis, Kevin J and Asrat, Asfawossen and Borgaonkar, Hemant P and Braida, Martina and Buckley, Brendan M and Büntgen, Ulf and Chase, Brian M and Christie, Duncan A and Cook, Edward R and Curran, Mark AJ and Diaz, Henry F and Esper, Jan and Fan, Ze-Xin and Gaire, Narayan P and Ge, Quansheng and Gergis, Joëlle and González-Rouco, J Fidel and Goosse, Hugues and Grab, Stefan W and Graham, Nicholas and Graham, Rochelle and Grosjean, Martin and Hanhijärvi, Sami T and Kaufman, Darrell S and Kiefer, Thorsten and Kimura, Katsuhiko and Korhola, Atte A and Krusic, Paul J and Lara, Antonio and Lézine, Anne-Marie and Ljungqvist, Fredrik C and Lorrey, Andrew M and Luterbacher, Jürg and Masson-Delmotte, Valerie and McCarroll, Danny and McConnell, Joseph R and McKay, Nicholas P and Morales, Mariano S and Moy, Andrew D and Mulvaney, Robert and Mundo, Ignacio A and Nakatsuka, Takeshi and Nash, David J and Neukom, Raphael and Nicholson, Sharon E and Oerter, Hans and Palmer, Jonathan G and Phipps, Steven J and Prieto, Maria R and Rivera, Andres and Sano, Masaki and Severi, Mirko and Shanahan, Timothy M and Shao, Xuemei and Shi, Feng and Sigl, Michael and Smerdon, Jason E and Solomina, Olga N and Steig, Eric J and Stenni, Barbara and Thamban, Meloth and Trouet, Valerie and Turney, Chris SM and Umer, Mohammed and van Ommen, Tas and Verschuren, Dirk and Viau, Andre E and Villalba, Ricardo and Vinther, Bo M and von Gunten, Lucien and Wagner, Sebastian and Wahl, Eugene R and Wanner, Heinz and Werner, Johannes P and White, James WC and Yasue, Koh and Zorita, Eduardo}}, issn = {{1752-0894}}, journal = {{NATURE GEOSCIENCE}}, keywords = {{SIMULATIONS,RESOLUTION,CLIMATE,RECONSTRUCTIONS,STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE,NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE,ICE-AGE,LAST MILLENNIUM,EVOLUTION,CENTURIES}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{5}}, pages = {{339--346}}, title = {{Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia}}, url = {{http://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1797}}, volume = {{6}}, year = {{2013}}, }
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