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To be or not to be... ethnic boundary perception, sense of exclusion and identification among Turkish Belgians

Klaartje Van Kerckem (UGent)
(2011) 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings.
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Abstract
Despite the fact that a third generation is already coming of age, Turkish Belgians continue to be seen as outsiders by a large part of the native population and are often the object of prejudice and discriminatory behavior. This article explores processes of ‘othering’ and ‘exclusion’ from the point of view of Turkish Belgians themselves: it focuses on how and to what extent Turkish Belgians feel othered, accepted or excluded and on how this shapes their identification processes. Based on a qualitative case study among second and third generation Turkish Belgians (N=60), I demonstrate how cases of racism, prejudice and ethnic framing in everyday interaction incite a sense of exclusion among many of the respondents. The analysis points to an interdependence between this sense of exclusion and how people identify vis-à-vis Belgians, Turks, Turkish Belgians. Based on notions of similarity and difference, sense of exclusion, and meanings given to different identities, we construct five different identification profiles. The analysis of these profile shows the power of exclusion while at the same time highlighting how Turkish Belgians are active agents in constructing a positive, inclusive identity.
Keywords
Turkish Belgians., prejudice, sense of exclusion, discrimination, Categorization, ethnic identity, sense of belonging, identification, ethnic boundaries, othering

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MLA
Van Kerckem, Klaartje. “To Be or Not to Be... Ethnic Boundary Perception, Sense of Exclusion and Identification among Turkish Belgians.” 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings, Inter-disciplinary.net, 2011.
APA
Van Kerckem, K. (2011). To be or not to be... ethnic boundary perception, sense of exclusion and identification among Turkish Belgians. 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings. Presented at the 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Oxford, UK.
Chicago author-date
Van Kerckem, Klaartje. 2011. “To Be or Not to Be... Ethnic Boundary Perception, Sense of Exclusion and Identification among Turkish Belgians.” In 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings. Inter-disciplinary.net.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van Kerckem, Klaartje. 2011. “To Be or Not to Be... Ethnic Boundary Perception, Sense of Exclusion and Identification among Turkish Belgians.” In 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings. Inter-disciplinary.net.
Vancouver
1.
Van Kerckem K. To be or not to be... ethnic boundary perception, sense of exclusion and identification among Turkish Belgians. In: 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings. Inter-disciplinary.net; 2011.
IEEE
[1]
K. Van Kerckem, “To be or not to be... ethnic boundary perception, sense of exclusion and identification among Turkish Belgians,” in 6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings, Oxford, UK, 2011.
@inproceedings{3097322,
  abstract     = {{Despite the fact that a third generation is already coming of age, Turkish Belgians continue to be seen as outsiders by a large part of the native population and are often the object of prejudice and discriminatory behavior. This article explores processes of ‘othering’ and ‘exclusion’ from the point of view of Turkish Belgians themselves: it focuses on how and to what extent Turkish Belgians feel othered, accepted or excluded  and on how this shapes their identification processes. Based on a qualitative case study among second and third generation Turkish Belgians (N=60),  I  demonstrate  how  cases  of  racism,  prejudice  and  ethnic  framing  in everyday interaction incite a sense of exclusion among many of the respondents. The analysis points to an interdependence between this sense of exclusion and how people identify vis-à-vis Belgians, Turks, Turkish Belgians. Based on notions of similarity  and  difference,  sense  of exclusion, and  meanings  given  to  different identities, we construct five different identification profiles. The analysis of these profile shows the power of exclusion while at the same time highlighting how Turkish Belgians are active agents in constructing a positive, inclusive identity.}},
  author       = {{Van Kerckem, Klaartje}},
  booktitle    = {{6th Global Conference Multiculturalism, Conflict and Belonging, Proceedings}},
  keywords     = {{Turkish Belgians.,prejudice,sense of exclusion,discrimination,Categorization,ethnic identity,sense of belonging,identification,ethnic boundaries,othering}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  location     = {{Oxford, UK}},
  pages        = {{9}},
  publisher    = {{Inter-disciplinary.net}},
  title        = {{To be or not to be... ethnic boundary perception, sense of exclusion and identification among Turkish Belgians}},
  url          = {{http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/at-the-interface/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/kerckemmulpaper.pdf}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}