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Vegetation response to rainfall variation and human impact in central Kenya during the past 1100 years

Henry Lamb, Iain Darbyshire and Dirk Verschuren (UGent)
(2003) HOLOCENE. 13(2). p.285-292
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Abstract
Pollen data from a 625 cm sediment core from Crescent Island Crater, a subbasin of Lake Naivasha, Kenya, provide an 1100-year record of vegetation change at a mean time resolution of 15 years. Earlier data from the same core show a record of lake depth (and thus inferred rainfall variation) in the form of changing sedimentary facies, supported by salinity inferences based on diatom and chironomid assemblages. Stratigraphic variation in the abundances of aquatic and semi-aquatic plants and chlorophyte algae generally supports the reconstructed lake depths. Woody Afromontane and woodland plant taxa decreased relative to Poaceae (grasses) during low rainfall periods, and increased during high rainfall periods. A decrease in the extent of lower montane forest coincident with favourable climatic conditions after about AD 1700 was probably caused by Kikuyu immigration and population expansion around that time, as indicated by simultaneous appearance of the food crop Zea mays (maize). Increases in ruderal herbaceous and exotic tree pollen during the twentieth century indicate increased local landscape disturbance during the colonial period. There is little direct pollen evidence for accelerating clearance of the montane forest during recent decades.
Keywords
vegetation history, pollen, montane forest, savanna, climatic change, human impact, Lake, Naivasha, Kenya, late Holocene, LAKE NAIVASHA, CLIMATIC-CHANGE, AFRICAN LAKE, EAST-AFRICA, RIFT-VALLEY, BASIN, STRATIGRAPHY, SEDIMENTS, PROGRAM, HISTORY

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MLA
Lamb, Henry, et al. “Vegetation Response to Rainfall Variation and Human Impact in Central Kenya during the Past 1100 Years.” HOLOCENE, vol. 13, no. 2, 2003, pp. 285–92, doi:10.1191/0959683603hl618rr.
APA
Lamb, H., Darbyshire, I., & Verschuren, D. (2003). Vegetation response to rainfall variation and human impact in central Kenya during the past 1100 years. HOLOCENE, 13(2), 285–292. https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl618rr
Chicago author-date
Lamb, Henry, Iain Darbyshire, and Dirk Verschuren. 2003. “Vegetation Response to Rainfall Variation and Human Impact in Central Kenya during the Past 1100 Years.” HOLOCENE 13 (2): 285–92. https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl618rr.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Lamb, Henry, Iain Darbyshire, and Dirk Verschuren. 2003. “Vegetation Response to Rainfall Variation and Human Impact in Central Kenya during the Past 1100 Years.” HOLOCENE 13 (2): 285–292. doi:10.1191/0959683603hl618rr.
Vancouver
1.
Lamb H, Darbyshire I, Verschuren D. Vegetation response to rainfall variation and human impact in central Kenya during the past 1100 years. HOLOCENE. 2003;13(2):285–92.
IEEE
[1]
H. Lamb, I. Darbyshire, and D. Verschuren, “Vegetation response to rainfall variation and human impact in central Kenya during the past 1100 years,” HOLOCENE, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 285–292, 2003.
@article{288905,
  abstract     = {{Pollen data from a 625 cm sediment core from Crescent Island Crater, a subbasin of Lake Naivasha, Kenya, provide an 1100-year record of vegetation change at a mean time resolution of 15 years. Earlier data from the same core show a record of lake depth (and thus inferred rainfall variation) in the form of changing sedimentary facies, supported by salinity inferences based on diatom and chironomid assemblages. Stratigraphic variation in the abundances of aquatic and semi-aquatic plants and chlorophyte algae generally supports the reconstructed lake depths. Woody Afromontane and woodland plant taxa decreased relative to Poaceae (grasses) during low rainfall periods, and increased during high rainfall periods. A decrease in the extent of lower montane forest coincident with favourable climatic conditions after about AD 1700 was probably caused by Kikuyu immigration and population expansion around that time, as indicated by simultaneous appearance of the food crop Zea mays (maize). Increases in ruderal herbaceous and exotic tree pollen during the twentieth century indicate increased local landscape disturbance during the colonial period. There is little direct pollen evidence for accelerating clearance of the montane forest during recent decades.}},
  author       = {{Lamb, Henry and Darbyshire, Iain and Verschuren, Dirk}},
  issn         = {{0959-6836}},
  journal      = {{HOLOCENE}},
  keywords     = {{vegetation history,pollen,montane forest,savanna,climatic change,human impact,Lake,Naivasha,Kenya,late Holocene,LAKE NAIVASHA,CLIMATIC-CHANGE,AFRICAN LAKE,EAST-AFRICA,RIFT-VALLEY,BASIN,STRATIGRAPHY,SEDIMENTS,PROGRAM,HISTORY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{285--292}},
  title        = {{Vegetation response to rainfall variation and human impact in central Kenya during the past 1100 years}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl618rr}},
  volume       = {{13}},
  year         = {{2003}},
}
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