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Spatial variations of nitrogen trace gas emissions from tropical mountain forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda

Nasrin Gharahi Ghehi (UGent) , C Werner, Cizungu Ntaboba Landry (UGent) , JJ Mbonigaba Muhinda, Eric Van Ranst (UGent) , K Butterbach-Bahl, R Kiese and Pascal Boeckx (UGent)
(2012) BIOGEOSCIENCES. 9(4). p.1451-1463
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Abstract
Globally, tropical forest soils represent the second largest source of N2O and NO. However, there is still considerable uncertainty on the spatial variability and soil properties controlling N trace gas emission. Therefore, we carried out an incubation experiment with soils from 31 locations in the Nyungwe tropical mountain forest in southwestern Rwanda. All soils were incubated at three different moisture levels (50, 70 and 90 % water filled pore space (WFPS)) at 17 A degrees C. Nitrous oxide emission varied between 4.5 and 400 mu g N m(-2) h(-1), while NO emission varied from 6.6 to 265 mu g N m(-2) h(-1). Mean N2O emission at different moisture levels was 46.5 +/- 11.1 (50 %WFPS), 71.7 +/- 11.5 (70 %WFPS) and 98.8 +/- 16.4 (90 %WFPS) mu g N m(-2) h(-1), while mean NO emission was 69.3 +/- 9.3 (50 %WFPS), 47.1 +/- 5.8 (70 %WFPS) and 36.1 +/- 4.2 (90 %WFPS) mu g N m(-2) h(-1). The latter suggests that climate (i.e. dry vs. wet season) controls N2O and NO emissions. Positive correlations with soil carbon and nitrogen indicate a biological control over N2O and NO production. But interestingly N2O and NO emissions also showed a positive correlation with free iron and a negative correlation with soil pH (only N2O). The latter suggest that chemo-denitrification might, at least for N2O, be an important production pathway. In conclusion improved understanding and process based modeling of N trace gas emission from tropical forests will benefit from spatially explicit trace gas emission estimates linked to basic soil property data and differentiating between biological and chemical pathways for N trace gas formation.
Keywords
NITRIC-OXIDE EMISSIONS, GLOBAL N2O BUDGET, RAIN-FOREST, SOIL EMISSIONS, MONTANE FOREST, CO2 EMISSIONS, NO EMISSION, WET TROPICS, LAND-USE, AUSTRALIA

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MLA
Gharahi Ghehi, Nasrin, et al. “Spatial Variations of Nitrogen Trace Gas Emissions from Tropical Mountain Forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda.” BIOGEOSCIENCES, vol. 9, no. 4, 2012, pp. 1451–63, doi:10.5194/bg-9-1451-2012.
APA
Gharahi Ghehi, N., Werner, C., Landry, C. N., Mbonigaba Muhinda, J., Van Ranst, E., Butterbach-Bahl, K., … Boeckx, P. (2012). Spatial variations of nitrogen trace gas emissions from tropical mountain forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda. BIOGEOSCIENCES, 9(4), 1451–1463. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-1451-2012
Chicago author-date
Gharahi Ghehi, Nasrin, C Werner, Cizungu Ntaboba Landry, JJ Mbonigaba Muhinda, Eric Van Ranst, K Butterbach-Bahl, R Kiese, and Pascal Boeckx. 2012. “Spatial Variations of Nitrogen Trace Gas Emissions from Tropical Mountain Forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda.” BIOGEOSCIENCES 9 (4): 1451–63. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-1451-2012.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Gharahi Ghehi, Nasrin, C Werner, Cizungu Ntaboba Landry, JJ Mbonigaba Muhinda, Eric Van Ranst, K Butterbach-Bahl, R Kiese, and Pascal Boeckx. 2012. “Spatial Variations of Nitrogen Trace Gas Emissions from Tropical Mountain Forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda.” BIOGEOSCIENCES 9 (4): 1451–1463. doi:10.5194/bg-9-1451-2012.
Vancouver
1.
Gharahi Ghehi N, Werner C, Landry CN, Mbonigaba Muhinda J, Van Ranst E, Butterbach-Bahl K, et al. Spatial variations of nitrogen trace gas emissions from tropical mountain forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda. BIOGEOSCIENCES. 2012;9(4):1451–63.
IEEE
[1]
N. Gharahi Ghehi et al., “Spatial variations of nitrogen trace gas emissions from tropical mountain forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda,” BIOGEOSCIENCES, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 1451–1463, 2012.
@article{2094320,
  abstract     = {{Globally, tropical forest soils represent the second largest source of N2O and NO. However, there is still considerable uncertainty on the spatial variability and soil properties controlling N trace gas emission. Therefore, we carried out an incubation experiment with soils from 31 locations in the Nyungwe tropical mountain forest in southwestern Rwanda. All soils were incubated at three different moisture levels (50, 70 and 90 % water filled pore space (WFPS)) at 17 A degrees C. Nitrous oxide emission varied between 4.5 and 400 mu g N m(-2) h(-1), while NO emission varied from 6.6 to 265 mu g N m(-2) h(-1). Mean N2O emission at different moisture levels was 46.5 +/- 11.1 (50 %WFPS), 71.7 +/- 11.5 (70 %WFPS) and 98.8 +/- 16.4 (90 %WFPS) mu g N m(-2) h(-1), while mean NO emission was 69.3 +/- 9.3 (50 %WFPS), 47.1 +/- 5.8 (70 %WFPS) and 36.1 +/- 4.2 (90 %WFPS) mu g N m(-2) h(-1). The latter suggests that climate (i.e. dry vs. wet season) controls N2O and NO emissions. Positive correlations with soil carbon and nitrogen indicate a biological control over N2O and NO production. But interestingly N2O and NO emissions also showed a positive correlation with free iron and a negative correlation with soil pH (only N2O). The latter suggest that chemo-denitrification might, at least for N2O, be an important production pathway. In conclusion improved understanding and process based modeling of N trace gas emission from tropical forests will benefit from spatially explicit trace gas emission estimates linked to basic soil property data and differentiating between biological and chemical pathways for N trace gas formation.}},
  author       = {{Gharahi Ghehi, Nasrin and Werner, C and Landry, Cizungu Ntaboba and Mbonigaba Muhinda, JJ and Van Ranst, Eric and Butterbach-Bahl, K and Kiese, R and Boeckx, Pascal}},
  issn         = {{1726-4170}},
  journal      = {{BIOGEOSCIENCES}},
  keywords     = {{NITRIC-OXIDE EMISSIONS,GLOBAL N2O BUDGET,RAIN-FOREST,SOIL EMISSIONS,MONTANE FOREST,CO2 EMISSIONS,NO EMISSION,WET TROPICS,LAND-USE,AUSTRALIA}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{1451--1463}},
  title        = {{Spatial variations of nitrogen trace gas emissions from tropical mountain forests in Nyungwe, Rwanda}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-1451-2012}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}
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