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Isotopes for improved management of nitrate pollution in aqueous resources: review of surface water field studies

Angelika Nestler, Michael Berglund, Frederik Accoe, Steluta Duta, Dongmei Xue (UGent) , Pascal Boeckx (UGent) and Philip Taylor
(2011) ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH. 18(4). p.519-533
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Biotechnology for a sustainable economy (Bio-Economy)
Abstract
Background Environmental agencies have to take measures to either reduce discharges and emissions of nitrate or to remediate nitrate-polluted water bodies where the nitrate concentrations exceed threshold values. Isotope data can support the identification of nitrate pollution sources and natural attenuation processes of nitrate. Review This review article gives an overview of the information available to date regarding nitrate source apportionment in surface waters with the ambition to help improving future studies. Different isotope approaches in combination with physicochemical and hydrological data can successfully be used in source apportionment studies. A sampling strategy needs to be developed based on possible nitrate sources, hydrology and land use. Transformations, transport and mixing processes should also be considered as they can change the isotope composition of the original nitrate source. Conclusion Nitrate isotope data interpreted in combination with hydrological and chemical data provide valuable information on the nitrate pollution sources and on the processes nitrate has undergone during its retention and transport in the watershed. This information is useful for the development of an appropriate water management policy.
Keywords
Water monitoring, Nitrate, Isotope measurements, Water pollution, Remediation, Water management, Agricultural practices, Nutrients, Nitrogen, Denitrification, Nitrification, IN-GROUND WATER, STABLE-ISOTOPES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CONTAMINATION SOURCES, BORON ISOTOPES, SEINE RIVER, ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION, MISSISSIPPI RIVER, COUPLED NITROGEN, NORTHEASTERN US

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Chicago
Nestler, Angelika, Michael Berglund, Frederik Accoe, Steluta Duta, Dongmei Xue, Pascal Boeckx, and Philip Taylor. 2011. “Isotopes for Improved Management of Nitrate Pollution in Aqueous Resources: Review of Surface Water Field Studies.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 18 (4): 519–533.
APA
Nestler, A., Berglund, M., Accoe, F., Duta, S., Xue, D., Boeckx, P., & Taylor, P. (2011). Isotopes for improved management of nitrate pollution in aqueous resources: review of surface water field studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, 18(4), 519–533.
Vancouver
1.
Nestler A, Berglund M, Accoe F, Duta S, Xue D, Boeckx P, et al. Isotopes for improved management of nitrate pollution in aqueous resources: review of surface water field studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH. 2011;18(4):519–33.
MLA
Nestler, Angelika, Michael Berglund, Frederik Accoe, et al. “Isotopes for Improved Management of Nitrate Pollution in Aqueous Resources: Review of Surface Water Field Studies.” ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 18.4 (2011): 519–533. Print.
@article{2036006,
  abstract     = {Background Environmental agencies have to take measures to either reduce discharges and emissions of nitrate or to remediate nitrate-polluted water bodies where the nitrate concentrations exceed threshold values. Isotope data can support the identification of nitrate pollution sources and natural attenuation processes of nitrate. 
Review This review article gives an overview of the information available to date regarding nitrate source apportionment in surface waters with the ambition to help improving future studies. Different isotope approaches in combination with physicochemical and hydrological data can successfully be used in source apportionment studies. A sampling strategy needs to be developed based on possible nitrate sources, hydrology and land use. Transformations, transport and mixing processes should also be considered as they can change the isotope composition of the original nitrate source. 
Conclusion Nitrate isotope data interpreted in combination with hydrological and chemical data provide valuable information on the nitrate pollution sources and on the processes nitrate has undergone during its retention and transport in the watershed. This information is useful for the development of an appropriate water management policy.},
  author       = {Nestler, Angelika and Berglund, Michael and Accoe, Frederik and Duta, Steluta and Xue, Dongmei and Boeckx, Pascal and Taylor, Philip},
  issn         = {0944-1344},
  journal      = {ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH},
  keyword      = {Water monitoring,Nitrate,Isotope measurements,Water pollution,Remediation,Water management,Agricultural practices,Nutrients,Nitrogen,Denitrification,Nitrification,IN-GROUND WATER,STABLE-ISOTOPES,SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,CONTAMINATION SOURCES,BORON ISOTOPES,SEINE RIVER,ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION,MISSISSIPPI RIVER,COUPLED NITROGEN,NORTHEASTERN US},
  language     = {eng},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {519--533},
  title        = {Isotopes for improved management of nitrate pollution in aqueous resources: review of surface water field studies},
  url          = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-010-0422-z},
  volume       = {18},
  year         = {2011},
}
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