@article{193517,
  abstract     = {{Release of neuropeptides from sensory nerves causes an increase in vascular permeability, plasma extravasation and edema. The sensory nerves in the airways can be activated by electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve or by application of chemical and mechanical irritants, such as capsaicin, hypertonic saline, isocapnic hyperpnea and cigarette smoke. In rodent airways, the neurogenic plasma extravasation is mediated by tachykinins released from the capsaicin-afferent nerve fibres, and involves activation of neurokinin-l tachykinin receptors. In peripheral guinea-pig airways, neurokinin-2 tachykinin receptors have also been implicated in the neurogenic plasma exudation. The tachykinins can increase vascular permeability by both a direct effect on venular endothelium, and indirect mechanisms involving mast cell activation and serotonin release. 
Tachykinins and their receptors are present in the human airways. Release of tachykinins, following antigen. challenge, has been demonstrated in the nose and lower airways. In humans, tachykinins have been shown to increase plasma exudation in the nasal mucosa, but whether neurogenic inflammation also occurs in the lower airways still remains to be proven.}},
  author       = {{Germonpre, PR and Joos, Guy and Pauwels, Romain}},
  issn         = {{0003-9780}},
  journal      = {{ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHARMACODYNAMIE ET DE THERAPIE}},
  keywords     = {{PERFUSED RABBIT LUNGS,RAT TRACHEA,VASCULAR PROTEIN LEAKAGE,SMOOTH-MUSCLE CONTRACTION,TACHYKININ RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS,SUBSTANCE-P ANTAGONIST,GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE,GUINEA-PIG AIRWAYS,NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE,MICROVASCULAR LEAKAGE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  location     = {{Ghent, Belgium}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{185--203}},
  title        = {{Characterization of the neurogenic plasma extravasation in the airways}},
  volume       = {{329}},
  year         = {{1995}},
}

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