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Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone fish-fossil beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia)

Neil Davies (UGent) , Ivan J Sansom, Robert S Nicholl and Alex Ritchie
(2011) ALCHERINGA. 35(4). p.553-569
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Abstract
The Stairway Sandstone is a 30-560 m thick succession of Middle Ordovician siliciclastic sedimentary rocks within the Amadeus Basin of central Australia, deposited in the epeiric Larapintine Sea of northern peri-Gondwana. The Stairway Sandstone is significant as one of only two known Gondwanan successions to yield articulated arandaspid (pteraspidomorph agnathan) fish. Herein we use the ichnology of the Stairway Sandstone to reveal insights into the shallow marine habitat of these early vertebrates, and compare it with that of other known pteraspidomorph-bearing localities from across Gondwana. The Stairway Sandstone contains a diverse Ordovician ichnofauna including 22 ichnotaxa of Arenicolites, Arthrophycus, Asterosoma, Cruziana, Didymaulichnus, Diplichnites, Diplocraterion, ?Gordia, Lockeia, Monocraterion, Monomorphichnus, Phycodes, Planolites, Rusophycus, Skolithos and Uchirites. These ichnofauna provide a well-preserved example of a typical Ordovician epeiric sea assemblage, recording the diverse ethologies of tracemakers in a very shallow marine environment of flashy sediment accumulation and regularly shifting sandy substrates. New conodont data refine the age of the Stairway Sandstone to the early Darriwilian, with ichnostratigraphic implications for the Cruziana rugosa group and Arthrophycus alleghaniensis.
Keywords
Arthrophycus, arandaspid, Cruziana, ichnology, ichnostratigraphy, Ordovician, TRACE FOSSILS, SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES, HARDING SANDSTONE, VERTEBRATE, USA, PALEOECOLOGY, COLORADO, BOLIVIA, ASTRASPIS, MOUNTAINS

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Citation

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MLA
Davies, Neil, et al. “Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone Fish-Fossil Beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia).” ALCHERINGA, vol. 35, no. 4, 2011, pp. 553–69, doi:10.1080/03115518.2011.557565.
APA
Davies, N., Sansom, I. J., Nicholl, R. S., & Ritchie, A. (2011). Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone fish-fossil beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia). ALCHERINGA, 35(4), 553–569. https://doi.org/10.1080/03115518.2011.557565
Chicago author-date
Davies, Neil, Ivan J Sansom, Robert S Nicholl, and Alex Ritchie. 2011. “Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone Fish-Fossil Beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia).” ALCHERINGA 35 (4): 553–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/03115518.2011.557565.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Davies, Neil, Ivan J Sansom, Robert S Nicholl, and Alex Ritchie. 2011. “Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone Fish-Fossil Beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia).” ALCHERINGA 35 (4): 553–569. doi:10.1080/03115518.2011.557565.
Vancouver
1.
Davies N, Sansom IJ, Nicholl RS, Ritchie A. Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone fish-fossil beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia). ALCHERINGA. 2011;35(4):553–69.
IEEE
[1]
N. Davies, I. J. Sansom, R. S. Nicholl, and A. Ritchie, “Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone fish-fossil beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia),” ALCHERINGA, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 553–569, 2011.
@article{1924881,
  abstract     = {{The Stairway Sandstone is a 30-560 m thick succession of Middle Ordovician siliciclastic sedimentary rocks within the Amadeus Basin of central Australia, deposited in the epeiric Larapintine Sea of northern peri-Gondwana. The Stairway Sandstone is significant as one of only two known Gondwanan successions to yield articulated arandaspid (pteraspidomorph agnathan) fish. Herein we use the ichnology of the Stairway Sandstone to reveal insights into the shallow marine habitat of these early vertebrates, and compare it with that of other known pteraspidomorph-bearing localities from across Gondwana. The Stairway Sandstone contains a diverse Ordovician ichnofauna including 22 ichnotaxa of Arenicolites, Arthrophycus, Asterosoma, Cruziana, Didymaulichnus, Diplichnites, Diplocraterion, ?Gordia, Lockeia, Monocraterion, Monomorphichnus, Phycodes, Planolites, Rusophycus, Skolithos and Uchirites. These ichnofauna provide a well-preserved example of a typical Ordovician epeiric sea assemblage, recording the diverse ethologies of tracemakers in a very shallow marine environment of flashy sediment accumulation and regularly shifting sandy substrates. New conodont data refine the age of the Stairway Sandstone to the early Darriwilian, with ichnostratigraphic implications for the Cruziana rugosa group and Arthrophycus alleghaniensis.}},
  author       = {{Davies, Neil and Sansom, Ivan J and Nicholl, Robert S and Ritchie, Alex}},
  issn         = {{0311-5518}},
  journal      = {{ALCHERINGA}},
  keywords     = {{Arthrophycus,arandaspid,Cruziana,ichnology,ichnostratigraphy,Ordovician,TRACE FOSSILS,SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES,HARDING SANDSTONE,VERTEBRATE,USA,PALEOECOLOGY,COLORADO,BOLIVIA,ASTRASPIS,MOUNTAINS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{553--569}},
  title        = {{Ichnofacies of the Stairway Sandstone fish-fossil beds (Middle Ordovician, Northern Territory, Australia)}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/03115518.2011.557565}},
  volume       = {{35}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}
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