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Applicability of a yeast bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair

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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the applicability of a yeast androgen and estrogen bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair samples of animals treated with a hormone ester cocktail. The outcome of the activity screenings was critically compared with the results previously obtained with LC-MS/MS analysis. Hair samples of one pour-on treated animal, 10 ml DMSO containing 25 mg estradiol benzoate (EB), 60 mg testosterone decanoate (TD) and 60 mg testosterone cypionate (TC), were selected and analyzed with the androgen and estrogen yeast bioassay. Results showed that by the introduction of a hydrolysis step, bioassays can be used to screen for the presence of hormone esters in hair samples. Based on the difference in fluorescence responses between the non-hydrolyzed and the hydrolyzed hair samples, it was possible to detect the presence of EB up to at least 56 days after a single pour-on treatment and to detect the presence of TC and TD up to at least 14 days after the treatment. Although the LC-MS/MS analysis could detect TC and TD up to 49 days after treatment, bioassays have the advantage that they can also detect any (un) known steroid ester.
Keywords
GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN, ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY, TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY, BOVINE HAIR, ESTRADIOL BENZOATE, ANABOLIC-STEROIDS, CALF URINE, VALIDATION, SAMPLES, EXPRESSION, Testosterone ester, Estradiol benzoate, Yeast bioassay, Untargeted analysis, Hair

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MLA
Becue, Ilse, et al. “Applicability of a Yeast Bioassay in the Detection of Steroid Esters in Hair.” ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 399, no. 3, 2011, pp. 1031–39, doi:10.1007/s00216-010-4401-5.
APA
Becue, I., Bovee, T. F., Van Poucke, C., Groot, M. J., Nielen, M. W., & Van Peteghem, C. (2011). Applicability of a yeast bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair. ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 399(3), 1031–1039. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-4401-5
Chicago author-date
Becue, Ilse, Toine FH Bovee, Christof Van Poucke, Maria J Groot, Michel WF Nielen, and Carlos Van Peteghem. 2011. “Applicability of a Yeast Bioassay in the Detection of Steroid Esters in Hair.” ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 399 (3): 1031–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-4401-5.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Becue, Ilse, Toine FH Bovee, Christof Van Poucke, Maria J Groot, Michel WF Nielen, and Carlos Van Peteghem. 2011. “Applicability of a Yeast Bioassay in the Detection of Steroid Esters in Hair.” ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 399 (3): 1031–1039. doi:10.1007/s00216-010-4401-5.
Vancouver
1.
Becue I, Bovee TF, Van Poucke C, Groot MJ, Nielen MW, Van Peteghem C. Applicability of a yeast bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair. ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. 2011;399(3):1031–9.
IEEE
[1]
I. Becue, T. F. Bovee, C. Van Poucke, M. J. Groot, M. W. Nielen, and C. Van Peteghem, “Applicability of a yeast bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair,” ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 399, no. 3, pp. 1031–1039, 2011.
@article{1206012,
  abstract     = {{The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the applicability of a yeast androgen and estrogen bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair samples of animals treated with a hormone ester cocktail. The outcome of the activity screenings was critically compared with the results previously obtained with LC-MS/MS analysis. Hair samples of one pour-on treated animal, 10 ml DMSO containing 25 mg estradiol benzoate (EB), 60 mg testosterone decanoate (TD) and 60 mg testosterone cypionate (TC), were selected and analyzed with the androgen and estrogen yeast bioassay. Results showed that by the introduction of a hydrolysis step, bioassays can be used to screen for the presence of hormone esters in hair samples. Based on the difference in fluorescence responses between the non-hydrolyzed and the hydrolyzed hair samples, it was possible to detect the presence of EB up to at least 56 days after a single pour-on treatment and to detect the presence of TC and TD up to at least 14 days after the treatment. Although the LC-MS/MS analysis could detect TC and TD up to 49 days after treatment, bioassays have the advantage that they can also detect any (un) known steroid ester.}},
  author       = {{Becue, Ilse and Bovee, Toine FH and Van Poucke, Christof and Groot, Maria J and Nielen, Michel WF and Van Peteghem, Carlos}},
  issn         = {{1618-2642}},
  journal      = {{ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY}},
  keywords     = {{GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN,ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY,TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY,BOVINE HAIR,ESTRADIOL BENZOATE,ANABOLIC-STEROIDS,CALF URINE,VALIDATION,SAMPLES,EXPRESSION,Testosterone ester,Estradiol benzoate,Yeast bioassay,Untargeted analysis,Hair}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{1031--1039}},
  title        = {{Applicability of a yeast bioassay in the detection of steroid esters in hair}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-4401-5}},
  volume       = {{399}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}

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