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Numerical model for CFD-simulation of the flow field in the anastomosis region of coronary bypasses

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Abstract
Coronary artery bypass surgery is a treatment for ischemic heart disease and can increase life quality and expectancy. The results after the treatment depend largely on the patency of the bypass grafts, which are used to bypass the narrowed arteries on the heart. Long-term patency is mainly determined by the progression of atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia (IH) within the bypass grafts, which are believed to be related to unfavourable wall shear stress (e.g. low and oscillatory WSS) exerted on the endothelial cells. To investigate the potential role of hemodynamic forces on the endothelial cells and the impact of the severity of the bypassed arterial stenosis on the flow fields, we developed a computational model of a LIMA-to-LAD anastomosis region obtained from a porcine in-vivo cast. In addition, the same porcine experiment provided the necessary up- and downstream boundary conditions for the simulations. The model has been applied to simulate the flow field in 5 cases, corresponding with 100, 97, 90, 75 and 0% LAD stenosis, in order to quantify the effect of the stenosis on resulting flow fields and on WSS distributions. Low stenosis degrees are associated with competitive LAD and LIMA flow and low WSS in the LIMA, which might contribute to WSS-related remodeling and suboptimal performance of the LIMA bypass.
Keywords
wall shear stress, CFD, LIMA-to-LAD anastomosis, numerical modeling

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MLA
De Witte, Marloes, et al. “Numerical Model for CFD-Simulation of the Flow Field in the Anastomosis Region of Coronary Bypasses.” Conference Proceedings CMBE11, edited by Perumal Nithiarasu et al., All American Printing, 2011, pp. 387–90.
APA
De Witte, M., Swillens, A., Lovstakken, L., Nordgaard, H., Van Loo, D., Trachet, B., … Segers, P. (2011). Numerical model for CFD-simulation of the flow field in the anastomosis region of coronary bypasses. In P. Nithiarasu, R. Löhner, R. Van Loon, I. Sazonov, & X. Xie (Eds.), Conference proceedings CMBE11 (pp. 387–390). Alexandria, VA, USA: All American Printing.
Chicago author-date
De Witte, Marloes, Abigail Swillens, Lasse Lovstakken, Havard Nordgaard, Denis Van Loo, Bram Trachet, Jan Vierendeels, and Patrick Segers. 2011. “Numerical Model for CFD-Simulation of the Flow Field in the Anastomosis Region of Coronary Bypasses.” In Conference Proceedings CMBE11, edited by Perumal Nithiarasu, Rainald Löhner, Raoul Van Loon, Igor Sazonov, and Xianghua Xie, 387–90. Alexandria, VA, USA: All American Printing.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
De Witte, Marloes, Abigail Swillens, Lasse Lovstakken, Havard Nordgaard, Denis Van Loo, Bram Trachet, Jan Vierendeels, and Patrick Segers. 2011. “Numerical Model for CFD-Simulation of the Flow Field in the Anastomosis Region of Coronary Bypasses.” In Conference Proceedings CMBE11, ed by. Perumal Nithiarasu, Rainald Löhner, Raoul Van Loon, Igor Sazonov, and Xianghua Xie, 387–390. Alexandria, VA, USA: All American Printing.
Vancouver
1.
De Witte M, Swillens A, Lovstakken L, Nordgaard H, Van Loo D, Trachet B, et al. Numerical model for CFD-simulation of the flow field in the anastomosis region of coronary bypasses. In: Nithiarasu P, Löhner R, Van Loon R, Sazonov I, Xie X, editors. Conference proceedings CMBE11. Alexandria, VA, USA: All American Printing; 2011. p. 387–90.
IEEE
[1]
M. De Witte et al., “Numerical model for CFD-simulation of the flow field in the anastomosis region of coronary bypasses,” in Conference proceedings CMBE11, Washington, DC, USA, 2011, pp. 387–390.
@inproceedings{1196747,
  abstract     = {{Coronary artery bypass surgery is a treatment for ischemic heart disease and can increase life quality and expectancy. The results after the treatment depend largely on the patency of the bypass grafts, which are used to bypass the narrowed arteries on the heart. Long-term patency is mainly determined by the progression of atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia (IH) within the bypass grafts, which are believed to be related to unfavourable wall shear stress (e.g. low and oscillatory WSS) exerted on the endothelial cells. To investigate the potential role of hemodynamic forces on the endothelial cells and the impact of the severity of the bypassed arterial stenosis on the flow fields, we developed a computational model of a LIMA-to-LAD anastomosis region obtained from a porcine in-vivo cast. In addition, the same porcine experiment provided the necessary up- and downstream boundary conditions for the simulations. The model has been applied to simulate the flow field in 5 cases, corresponding with 100, 97, 90, 75 and 0% LAD stenosis, in order to quantify the effect of the stenosis on resulting flow fields and on WSS distributions. Low stenosis degrees are associated with competitive LAD and LIMA flow and low WSS in the LIMA, which might contribute to WSS-related remodeling and suboptimal performance of the LIMA bypass.}},
  author       = {{De Witte, Marloes and Swillens, Abigail and Lovstakken, Lasse and Nordgaard, Havard and Van Loo, Denis and Trachet, Bram and Vierendeels, Jan and Segers, Patrick}},
  booktitle    = {{Conference proceedings CMBE11}},
  editor       = {{Nithiarasu, Perumal and Löhner, Rainald and Van Loon, Raoul and Sazonov, Igor and Xie, Xianghua}},
  isbn         = {{9780956291417}},
  keywords     = {{wall shear stress,CFD,LIMA-to-LAD anastomosis,numerical modeling}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  location     = {{Washington, DC, USA}},
  pages        = {{387--390}},
  publisher    = {{All American Printing}},
  title        = {{Numerical model for CFD-simulation of the flow field in the anastomosis region of coronary bypasses}},
  url          = {{http://www.cs.swan.ac.uk/~csjason/cmbe2011.pdf}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}