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Long-term clinical, microbiological and radiographic outcomes of Brånemark™ implants installed in augmented maxillary bone for fixed full-arch rehabilitation

Hugo De Bruyn (UGent) , Peter Bouvry, Bruno Collaert, Calix De Clercq , Rutger Persson and Jan Cosyn (UGent)
(2013) CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH. 15(1). p.73-82
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Abstract
Purpose: To document the long-term outcome of Brånemark implants installed in augmented maxillary bone and to identify parameters which are associated with peri-implant bone level. Material and methods: Patients of a periodontal practice who had been referred to a maxillofacial surgeon for iliac crest bone grafting in the atrophic maxilla were retrospectively recruited. Five months following grafting they received 7 to 8 turned Brånemark implants. Following submerged healing of another 5 months, implants were uncovered and restorative procedures for fixed rehabilitation were initiated 2 to 3 months thereafter. The primary outcome variable was bone level defined as the distance from the implant-abutment interface to the first visible bone-to-implant contact. Secondary outcome variables included plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth and levels of 40 species in subgingival plaque samples as identified by means of checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Results: Nine out of 16 patients (8 females, 1 male; mean age 59) with 71 implants agreed to come in for evaluation after on average 9 years (SD 4; range 3 – 13) of function. One implant was deemed mobile at the time of inspection. Clinical conditions were acceptable with 11 % of the implants showing pockets ≥ 5 mm. Periodontopathogens were frequently and in high numbers encountered. Clinical parameters and bacterial levels were highly patient-dependent. The mean bone level was 2.30 mm (SD 1.53; range 0.00 – 6.95) with 23 % of the implants demonstrating advanced resorption (bone level > 3 mm). Regression analysis showed a significant association of the patient (p < 0.001) and plaque index (p = 0.007) with bone level. Conclusions: The long-term outcome of Brånemark implants installed in iliac crest augmented maxillary bone is acceptable, however advanced peri-implant bone loss is rather common and indicative of graft resorption. This phenomenon is patient-dependent and seems also associated with oral hygiene.
Keywords
microbiology, bone augmentation, maxilla, Dental implant, bone level, SINGLE-TOOTH IMPLANTS, TITANIUM IMPLANTS, ANTERIOR MAXILLA, DENTAL IMPLANTS, ALVEOLAR RIDGE, FOLLOW-UP, GRAFTS, CALVARIAL, SAMPLES

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Chicago
De Bruyn, Hugo, Peter Bouvry, Bruno Collaert, Calix De Clercq , Rutger Persson, and Jan Cosyn. 2013. “Long-term Clinical, Microbiological and Radiographic Outcomes of BrånemarkTM Implants Installed in Augmented Maxillary Bone for Fixed Full-arch Rehabilitation.” Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research 15 (1): 73–82.
APA
De Bruyn, H., Bouvry, P., Collaert, B., De Clercq , C., Persson, R., & Cosyn, J. (2013). Long-term clinical, microbiological and radiographic outcomes of BrånemarkTM implants installed in augmented maxillary bone for fixed full-arch rehabilitation. CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, 15(1), 73–82.
Vancouver
1.
De Bruyn H, Bouvry P, Collaert B, De Clercq C, Persson R, Cosyn J. Long-term clinical, microbiological and radiographic outcomes of BrånemarkTM implants installed in augmented maxillary bone for fixed full-arch rehabilitation. CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH. 2013;15(1):73–82.
MLA
De Bruyn, Hugo, Peter Bouvry, Bruno Collaert, et al. “Long-term Clinical, Microbiological and Radiographic Outcomes of BrånemarkTM Implants Installed in Augmented Maxillary Bone for Fixed Full-arch Rehabilitation.” CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH 15.1 (2013): 73–82. Print.
@article{1167998,
  abstract     = {Purpose: To document the long-term outcome of Br{\aa}nemark implants installed in augmented maxillary bone and to identify parameters which are associated with peri-implant bone level.
Material and methods: Patients of a periodontal practice who had been referred to a maxillofacial surgeon for iliac crest bone grafting in the atrophic maxilla were retrospectively recruited. Five months following grafting they received 7 to 8 turned Br{\aa}nemark implants. Following submerged healing of another 5 months, implants were uncovered and restorative procedures for fixed rehabilitation were initiated 2 to 3 months thereafter. The primary outcome variable was bone level defined as the distance from the implant-abutment interface to the first visible bone-to-implant contact. Secondary outcome variables included plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth and levels of 40 species in subgingival plaque samples as identified by means of checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization.
Results: Nine out of 16 patients (8 females, 1 male; mean age 59) with 71 implants agreed to come in for evaluation after on average 9 years (SD 4; range 3 -- 13) of function. One implant was deemed mobile at the time of inspection. Clinical conditions were acceptable with 11 \% of the implants showing pockets \ensuremath{\geq} 5 mm. Periodontopathogens were frequently and in high numbers encountered. Clinical parameters and bacterial levels were highly patient-dependent. The mean bone level was 2.30 mm (SD 1.53; range 0.00 -- 6.95) with 23 \% of the implants demonstrating advanced resorption (bone level {\textrangle} 3 mm). Regression analysis showed a significant association of the patient (p {\textlangle} 0.001) and plaque index (p = 0.007) with bone level.
Conclusions: The long-term outcome of Br{\aa}nemark implants installed in iliac crest augmented maxillary bone is acceptable, however advanced peri-implant bone loss is rather common and indicative of graft resorption. This phenomenon is patient-dependent and seems also associated with oral hygiene.},
  author       = {De Bruyn, Hugo and Bouvry, Peter and Collaert, Bruno and De Clercq , Calix and Persson, Rutger and Cosyn, Jan},
  issn         = {1523-0899},
  journal      = {CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH},
  keyword      = {microbiology,bone augmentation,maxilla,Dental implant,bone level,SINGLE-TOOTH IMPLANTS,TITANIUM IMPLANTS,ANTERIOR MAXILLA,DENTAL IMPLANTS,ALVEOLAR RIDGE,FOLLOW-UP,GRAFTS,CALVARIAL,SAMPLES},
  language     = {eng},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {73--82},
  title        = {Long-term clinical, microbiological and radiographic outcomes of Br{\aa}nemark{\texttrademark} implants installed in augmented maxillary bone for fixed full-arch rehabilitation},
  url          = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2011.00359.x},
  volume       = {15},
  year         = {2013},
}
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