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Implementation of an unloading compliance procedure for measurement of crack growth in pipeline steel

Koen Van Minnebruggen (UGent) , Dries Van Puyvelde (UGent) , Wim De Waele (UGent) , Matthias Verstraete (UGent) , Stijn Hertelé (UGent) and Rudi Denys (UGent)
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Abstract
As the demand for fossil fuels increases, pipelines are constructed in inhospitable areas. Under these conditions, not only the strength but also the deformability of the pipelines becomes crucial. A strain based design (SBD) procedure needs to be established. Traditional stress based approaches to evaluate defect tolerance lead to conservative predictions. There is a need to accurately define the fracture toughness of the pipeline steel and assess the criticality of weld defects under strain based conditions. This paper focuses on the implementation of the unloading compliance method to determine stable crack growth. The standardized test procedure described in ASTM E1820 is applied. This method is a handy tool to obtain the J-resistance curves which can forecast ductile failure in pipeline girth welds. Preliminary experiments have been performed on Single Edge Notch Bend (SENB) specimens of plain pipe metal. Using the implemented procedure, it was possible to obtain a good fit between calculated and measured crack size. The most important result is the smoothness of the calculated crack growth and the rather monotonic increase of crack size. Since testing on SENB is well known to provide conservative measurements, Single Edge Notch Tension (SENT) specimens will be evaluated in future work.
Keywords
resistance curve, Unloading Compliance method, crack growth, Strain based design

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MLA
Van Minnebruggen, Koen, et al. “Implementation of an Unloading Compliance Procedure for Measurement of Crack Growth in Pipeline Steel.” SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN, edited by Jeroen Van Wittenberghe, vol. 2, no. 3, Ghent University, Laboratory Soete, 2011, pp. 397–406.
APA
Van Minnebruggen, K., Van Puyvelde, D., De Waele, W., Verstraete, M., Hertelé, S., & Denys, R. (2011). Implementation of an unloading compliance procedure for measurement of crack growth in pipeline steel. In J. Van Wittenberghe (Ed.), SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN (Vol. 2, pp. 397–406). Ghent, Belgium: Ghent University, Laboratory Soete.
Chicago author-date
Van Minnebruggen, Koen, Dries Van Puyvelde, Wim De Waele, Matthias Verstraete, Stijn Hertelé, and Rudi Denys. 2011. “Implementation of an Unloading Compliance Procedure for Measurement of Crack Growth in Pipeline Steel.” In SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN, edited by Jeroen Van Wittenberghe, 2:397–406. Ghent, Belgium: Ghent University, Laboratory Soete.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van Minnebruggen, Koen, Dries Van Puyvelde, Wim De Waele, Matthias Verstraete, Stijn Hertelé, and Rudi Denys. 2011. “Implementation of an Unloading Compliance Procedure for Measurement of Crack Growth in Pipeline Steel.” In SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN, ed by. Jeroen Van Wittenberghe, 2:397–406. Ghent, Belgium: Ghent University, Laboratory Soete.
Vancouver
1.
Van Minnebruggen K, Van Puyvelde D, De Waele W, Verstraete M, Hertelé S, Denys R. Implementation of an unloading compliance procedure for measurement of crack growth in pipeline steel. In: Van Wittenberghe J, editor. SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN. Ghent, Belgium: Ghent University, Laboratory Soete; 2011. p. 397–406.
IEEE
[1]
K. Van Minnebruggen, D. Van Puyvelde, W. De Waele, M. Verstraete, S. Hertelé, and R. Denys, “Implementation of an unloading compliance procedure for measurement of crack growth in pipeline steel,” in SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN, Ghent, Belgium, 2011, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 397–406.
@inproceedings{1167153,
  abstract     = {{As the demand for fossil fuels increases, pipelines are constructed in inhospitable areas. Under these conditions, not only the strength but also the deformability of the pipelines becomes crucial. A strain based design (SBD) procedure needs to be established. Traditional stress based approaches to evaluate defect tolerance lead to conservative predictions. There is a need to accurately define the fracture toughness of the pipeline steel and assess the criticality of weld defects under strain based conditions. This paper focuses on the implementation of the unloading compliance method to determine stable crack growth. The standardized test procedure described in ASTM E1820 is applied. This method is a handy tool to obtain the J-resistance curves which can forecast ductile failure in pipeline girth welds. Preliminary experiments have been performed on Single Edge Notch Bend (SENB) specimens of plain pipe metal. Using the implemented procedure, it was possible to obtain a good fit between calculated and measured crack size. The most important result is the smoothness of the calculated crack growth and the rather monotonic increase of crack size. Since testing on SENB is well known to provide conservative measurements, Single Edge Notch Tension (SENT) specimens will be evaluated in future work.}},
  author       = {{Van Minnebruggen, Koen and Van Puyvelde, Dries and De Waele, Wim and Verstraete, Matthias and Hertelé, Stijn and Denys, Rudi}},
  booktitle    = {{SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN}},
  editor       = {{Van Wittenberghe, Jeroen}},
  isbn         = {{9789490726010}},
  issn         = {{2032-7471}},
  keywords     = {{resistance curve,Unloading Compliance method,crack growth,Strain based design}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  location     = {{Ghent, Belgium}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{397--406}},
  publisher    = {{Ghent University, Laboratory Soete}},
  title        = {{Implementation of an unloading compliance procedure for measurement of crack growth in pipeline steel}},
  volume       = {{2}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}