@article{01KT3VSP7WERMA7CWKV87TJ01R,
  abstract     = {{Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the world’s third most-produced plastic, contributes significantly to the presence of organochloride compounds in pyrolysis oil, which can cause corrosion and other operational challenges in fuel applications. Therefore, this study investigates the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of PVC pyrolysis oil using commercial Pd/C and homemade Pd/ZrO2 catalysts. The oil was produced from virgin PVC that was thermally pyrolyzed in two stages at 350 °C (1 h) and 550 °C (1 h) in a semibatch reactor. The oil’s composition and chlorine levels were analyzed using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) coupled with flame ionization detection and atomic emission detection. The pyrolysis oil had a carbon range from C6 to C20. Two-step thermal pyrolysis effectively removed most of the chlorine, yielding an oil with a chlorine content of 316 ppm. Catalyst characterization methods, including H2-TPD, BET, SEM/EDS, XRD, and XPS, were employed to evaluate the structural and surface properties. Initially, HDC efficiency was tested on chlorobenzene as a model compound across different catalysts, Pd-to-chlorinated compound ratios, reaction times, and temperatures. Under moderate conditions, the Pd/C catalysts showed superior performance due to better Pd dispersion than Pd/ZrO2, though they exhibited lower reusability. At elevated conditions, such as higher temperature or longer reaction time, 0.5%Pd/ZrO2 narrowed the gap in HDC performance compared to 5%Pd/C. The HDC of the PVC pyrolysis oil followed a trend similar to that of the model compounds, with overall chlorine removal efficiencies of 82–89% under optimized conditions. These findings highlight the potential of Pd-based catalysts to reduce chlorine content in PVC pyrolysis oil, thereby enabling its use in cleaner fuel production.}},
  author       = {{Mahmoudi, Ehsan and Hulaj, Gjani and Auersvald, Miloš and Havaei, Mohammadhossein and Van Geem, Kevin and De Vos, Dirk E. and Lemonidou, Angeliki A.}},
  issn         = {{0887-0624}},
  journal      = {{ENERGY & FUELS}},
  keywords     = {{LIQUID-PHASE HYDRODECHLORINATION,PLASTIC WASTES,PD,2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL,SUPPORTS,DECHLORINATION,CHLOROPHENOLS,DISPERSION,PD/AL2O3,CHLORINE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{17}},
  pages        = {{9546--9559}},
  title        = {{PVC waste to fuel : pyrolysis oil upgrading through catalytic hydrodechlorination}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c00289}},
  volume       = {{40}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

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