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Temporal prediction and feedforward control in cerebellar ataxia during spontaneous, instructed, and adaptive auditory-motor coupling while walking

Lousin Moumddjian (UGent) , Bart Moens (UGent) , Mario Manto, Pierre Cabaraux, Bart Van Wijmeersch, Daphne Kos, Marc Leman (UGent) and Peter Feys (UGent)
(2025) SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 15(1).
Author
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Abstract
Auditory-motor coupling, the entrainment of movement to an auditory stimulus, involves processes of temporal prediction and feedforward control. The cerebellum is central to these mechanisms, with deficits contributing to ataxia, characterized by incoordination and increased movement variability. Previous research investigated these mechanisms through perceptual or paced finger-tapping tasks. However, little is known about how these processes interact in complex motor tasks, such as walking, which require feedforward control and voluntary adaptability. Thus, the dynamic interplay between temporal prediction and feedforward control in persons with cerebellar ataxia (PwCA) during walking was assessed in three auditory-motor coupling paradigms (spontaneous, instructed and adaptive), involving walking to music and metronomes at different frequencies. The adaptive paradigm additionally incorporated real-time alignment algorithms. Sixteen PwCA (scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia 3.59 +/- 2.92) and fourteen healthy controls (HCs) participated. Overall, patients showed spared temporal predictions assessed by synchronization accuracy. Yet reduced synchronization consistency and gait modulation was observed in PwCA as compared to HCs, consistent with deficits of feedforward control. The adaptive alignment algorithm may have compensated for feedforward impairments, thereby promoting enhanced synchronization and gait dynamics. This approach warrants further investigation and holds potential for integration into rehabilitation strategies for persons with mild ataxia.
Keywords
Walking, Auditory, Synchronization, Music, Metronomes, Rehabilitation, Cerebellum, SENSORIMOTOR SYNCHRONIZATION, CONSENSUS PAPER, GAIT, MOVEMENTS, DISORDERS, DISCRETE, VALIDITY, MODELS, FUTURE, SCALE

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MLA
Moumddjian, Lousin, et al. “Temporal Prediction and Feedforward Control in Cerebellar Ataxia during Spontaneous, Instructed, and Adaptive Auditory-Motor Coupling While Walking.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 15, no. 1, 2025, doi:10.1038/s41598-025-12316-9.
APA
Moumddjian, L., Moens, B., Manto, M., Cabaraux, P., Van Wijmeersch, B., Kos, D., … Feys, P. (2025). Temporal prediction and feedforward control in cerebellar ataxia during spontaneous, instructed, and adaptive auditory-motor coupling while walking. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12316-9
Chicago author-date
Moumddjian, Lousin, Bart Moens, Mario Manto, Pierre Cabaraux, Bart Van Wijmeersch, Daphne Kos, Marc Leman, and Peter Feys. 2025. “Temporal Prediction and Feedforward Control in Cerebellar Ataxia during Spontaneous, Instructed, and Adaptive Auditory-Motor Coupling While Walking.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 15 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12316-9.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Moumddjian, Lousin, Bart Moens, Mario Manto, Pierre Cabaraux, Bart Van Wijmeersch, Daphne Kos, Marc Leman, and Peter Feys. 2025. “Temporal Prediction and Feedforward Control in Cerebellar Ataxia during Spontaneous, Instructed, and Adaptive Auditory-Motor Coupling While Walking.” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 15 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-025-12316-9.
Vancouver
1.
Moumddjian L, Moens B, Manto M, Cabaraux P, Van Wijmeersch B, Kos D, et al. Temporal prediction and feedforward control in cerebellar ataxia during spontaneous, instructed, and adaptive auditory-motor coupling while walking. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 2025;15(1).
IEEE
[1]
L. Moumddjian et al., “Temporal prediction and feedforward control in cerebellar ataxia during spontaneous, instructed, and adaptive auditory-motor coupling while walking,” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 15, no. 1, 2025.
@article{01KJA61P8JFJRQBWXFVNPA2RPR,
  abstract     = {{Auditory-motor coupling, the entrainment of movement to an auditory stimulus, involves processes of temporal prediction and feedforward control. The cerebellum is central to these mechanisms, with deficits contributing to ataxia, characterized by incoordination and increased movement variability. Previous research investigated these mechanisms through perceptual or paced finger-tapping tasks. However, little is known about how these processes interact in complex motor tasks, such as walking, which require feedforward control and voluntary adaptability. Thus, the dynamic interplay between temporal prediction and feedforward control in persons with cerebellar ataxia (PwCA) during walking was assessed in three auditory-motor coupling paradigms (spontaneous, instructed and adaptive), involving walking to music and metronomes at different frequencies. The adaptive paradigm additionally incorporated real-time alignment algorithms. Sixteen PwCA (scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia 3.59 +/- 2.92) and fourteen healthy controls (HCs) participated. Overall, patients showed spared temporal predictions assessed by synchronization accuracy. Yet reduced synchronization consistency and gait modulation was observed in PwCA as compared to HCs, consistent with deficits of feedforward control. The adaptive alignment algorithm may have compensated for feedforward impairments, thereby promoting enhanced synchronization and gait dynamics. This approach warrants further investigation and holds potential for integration into rehabilitation strategies for persons with mild ataxia.}},
  articleno    = {{28053}},
  author       = {{Moumddjian, Lousin and Moens, Bart and Manto, Mario and Cabaraux, Pierre and Van Wijmeersch, Bart and Kos, Daphne and Leman, Marc and Feys, Peter}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  journal      = {{SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}},
  keywords     = {{Walking,Auditory,Synchronization,Music,Metronomes,Rehabilitation,Cerebellum,SENSORIMOTOR SYNCHRONIZATION,CONSENSUS PAPER,GAIT,MOVEMENTS,DISORDERS,DISCRETE,VALIDITY,MODELS,FUTURE,SCALE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{21}},
  title        = {{Temporal prediction and feedforward control in cerebellar ataxia during spontaneous, instructed, and adaptive auditory-motor coupling while walking}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12316-9}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}
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