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Adaptive tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to chemical oxidants : comparative analysis of transcriptomic studies

Nagendran Rajalingam (UGent) and Sam Van Haute (UGent)
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Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that poses significant challenges to food safety and public health due to its ability to adapt to harsh environments, particularly those found in food processing facilities. This review explores the global transcriptional responses of L. monocytogenes to various chemical oxidants, including hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and plasma-activated water. By comparing the transcriptomic data of multiple studies, we identified the differentially expressed genes associated with key cellular processes, including oxidative stress responses, cell envelope biosynthesis, metabolic adaptation, efflux mechanisms, and virulence regulation. This review demonstrates that L. monocytogenes employs distinct gene expression patterns to resist disinfectant stress, primarily by upregulating efflux pumps, reactive oxygen species detoxification mechanisms, and DNA repair pathways as well as modulating central metabolism. Several disinfection treatments commonly affect the key genes related to peptidoglycan biosynthesis, cell envelope, cell division, glycolysis, oxidative stress response, and chemotaxis. Although oxidizing agents induce widely conserved gene expression patterns, other treatments trigger unique responses. However, interpretation of different study findings is restricted by methodological inconsistencies, including variations in treatment conditions, media, bacterial states, and transcriptomic techniques. These variations and nonuniform fold change thresholds for differentially expressed genes complicate the comparison of different studies. Therefore, standardized frameworks are necessary to elucidate the adaptive responses of L. monocytogenes and refine its disinfection methods in food processing.
Keywords
chemical oxidants, CIO2, Listeria monocytogenes, 03, plasma-activated water, transcriptomic analysis, GLYCINE CLEAVAGE SYSTEM, ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE, ESCHERICHIA-COLI, GENE-EXPRESSION, PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE, INTRACELLULAR REPLICATION, MANGANESE HOMEOSTASIS, PHENOTYPIC RESPONSES, ELECTRON-TRANSPORT, BIOFILM FORMATION

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MLA
Rajalingam, Nagendran, and Sam Van Haute. “Adaptive Tolerance of Listeria Monocytogenes to Chemical Oxidants : Comparative Analysis of Transcriptomic Studies.” COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY, vol. 24, no. 5, 2025, doi:10.1111/1541-4337.70260.
APA
Rajalingam, N., & Van Haute, S. (2025). Adaptive tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to chemical oxidants : comparative analysis of transcriptomic studies. COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY, 24(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70260
Chicago author-date
Rajalingam, Nagendran, and Sam Van Haute. 2025. “Adaptive Tolerance of Listeria Monocytogenes to Chemical Oxidants : Comparative Analysis of Transcriptomic Studies.” COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY 24 (5). https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70260.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Rajalingam, Nagendran, and Sam Van Haute. 2025. “Adaptive Tolerance of Listeria Monocytogenes to Chemical Oxidants : Comparative Analysis of Transcriptomic Studies.” COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY 24 (5). doi:10.1111/1541-4337.70260.
Vancouver
1.
Rajalingam N, Van Haute S. Adaptive tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to chemical oxidants : comparative analysis of transcriptomic studies. COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY. 2025;24(5).
IEEE
[1]
N. Rajalingam and S. Van Haute, “Adaptive tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to chemical oxidants : comparative analysis of transcriptomic studies,” COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY, vol. 24, no. 5, 2025.
@article{01KBED8SKQPR3YD57QWPM60GJ4,
  abstract     = {{Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that poses significant challenges to food safety and public health due to its ability to adapt to harsh environments, particularly those found in food processing facilities. This review explores the global transcriptional responses of L. monocytogenes to various chemical oxidants, including hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and plasma-activated water. By comparing the transcriptomic data of multiple studies, we identified the differentially expressed genes associated with key cellular processes, including oxidative stress responses, cell envelope biosynthesis, metabolic adaptation, efflux mechanisms, and virulence regulation. This review demonstrates that L. monocytogenes employs distinct gene expression patterns to resist disinfectant stress, primarily by upregulating efflux pumps, reactive oxygen species detoxification mechanisms, and DNA repair pathways as well as modulating central metabolism. Several disinfection treatments commonly affect the key genes related to peptidoglycan biosynthesis, cell envelope, cell division, glycolysis, oxidative stress response, and chemotaxis. Although oxidizing agents induce widely conserved gene expression patterns, other treatments trigger unique responses. However, interpretation of different study findings is restricted by methodological inconsistencies, including variations in treatment conditions, media, bacterial states, and transcriptomic techniques. These variations and nonuniform fold change thresholds for differentially expressed genes complicate the comparison of different studies. Therefore, standardized frameworks are necessary to elucidate the adaptive responses of L. monocytogenes and refine its disinfection methods in food processing.}},
  articleno    = {{e70260}},
  author       = {{Rajalingam, Nagendran and Van Haute, Sam}},
  issn         = {{1541-4337}},
  journal      = {{COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY}},
  keywords     = {{chemical oxidants,CIO2,Listeria monocytogenes,03,plasma-activated water,transcriptomic analysis,GLYCINE CLEAVAGE SYSTEM,ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE,ESCHERICHIA-COLI,GENE-EXPRESSION,PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE,INTRACELLULAR REPLICATION,MANGANESE HOMEOSTASIS,PHENOTYPIC RESPONSES,ELECTRON-TRANSPORT,BIOFILM FORMATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{26}},
  title        = {{Adaptive tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to chemical oxidants : comparative analysis of transcriptomic studies}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70260}},
  volume       = {{24}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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