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Accelerated adaptive laboratory evolution : a tool for evolutionary biotechnology

Luna Declerck (UGent) , Florent Bouchon (UGent) , Wouter Demeester (UGent) , Chiara Guidi (UGent) and Marjan De Mey (UGent)
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Abstract
Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is a powerful strategy for enhancing microbial traits by harnessing the principles of natural selection in controlled environments. It has enabled significant advances in microbial growth, stress tolerance, and product yield across a variety of organisms, while also providing insight into evolutionary mechanisms. However, the traditional ALE workflow is time- and resource-intensive, relying on prolonged cultivation to allow beneficial mutations to emerge and be maintained in the population. To improve this, a range of evolutionary engineering tools have been developed to accelerate ALE by increasing mutation rates and genetic diversity in evolving strains. In this review, we explore the core parameters that shape ALE, such as selection pressure, transfer method, and passage size, and provide a comprehensive overview of both established and emerging acceleration methods. These techniques are categorized based on portability (applicability across different microorganisms), genomic targetability (specificity of mutagenesis), and reliability (minimal off-target mutations and mutational reproducibility), with the resulting framework for selecting the most suitable approach summarized in Table 3 at the end of the review. We highlight the growing potential of accelerated ALE and outline future directions, including the integration of genome-wide and targeted mutagenesis, computational modeling, laboratory automation, and broader application beyond model organisms. This review aims to streamline the use of accelerated ALE, unlocking its true potential for advancing microbial strain engineering.
Keywords
Accelerated adaptive laboratory evolution, Mutagenesis techniques, Microbial cell factories, Experimental design optimization, Microbial fitness, Phenotypic optimization, CONTINUOUS DIRECTED EVOLUTION, ESCHERICHIA-COLI, SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE, TRANSCRIPTION MACHINERY, MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION, YEAST, MUTAGENESIS, ADAPTATION, MUTATIONS, TOLERANCE

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Citation

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MLA
Declerck, Luna, et al. “Accelerated Adaptive Laboratory Evolution : A Tool for Evolutionary Biotechnology.” BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES, vol. 86, 2026, doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108741.
APA
Declerck, L., Bouchon, F., Demeester, W., Guidi, C., & De Mey, M. (2026). Accelerated adaptive laboratory evolution : a tool for evolutionary biotechnology. BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES, 86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108741
Chicago author-date
Declerck, Luna, Florent Bouchon, Wouter Demeester, Chiara Guidi, and Marjan De Mey. 2026. “Accelerated Adaptive Laboratory Evolution : A Tool for Evolutionary Biotechnology.” BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES 86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108741.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Declerck, Luna, Florent Bouchon, Wouter Demeester, Chiara Guidi, and Marjan De Mey. 2026. “Accelerated Adaptive Laboratory Evolution : A Tool for Evolutionary Biotechnology.” BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES 86. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108741.
Vancouver
1.
Declerck L, Bouchon F, Demeester W, Guidi C, De Mey M. Accelerated adaptive laboratory evolution : a tool for evolutionary biotechnology. BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES. 2026;86.
IEEE
[1]
L. Declerck, F. Bouchon, W. Demeester, C. Guidi, and M. De Mey, “Accelerated adaptive laboratory evolution : a tool for evolutionary biotechnology,” BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES, vol. 86, 2026.
@article{01KB2N5FR6BJ3AAMG60SE38CJT,
  abstract     = {{Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is a powerful strategy for enhancing microbial traits by harnessing the
principles of natural selection in controlled environments. It has enabled significant advances in microbial
growth, stress tolerance, and product yield across a variety of organisms, while also providing insight into
evolutionary mechanisms. However, the traditional ALE workflow is time- and resource-intensive, relying
on prolonged cultivation to allow beneficial mutations to emerge and be maintained in the population. To
improve this, a range of evolutionary engineering tools have been developed to accelerate ALE by increasing
mutation rates and genetic diversity in evolving strains. In this review, we explore the core parameters
that shape ALE, such as selection pressure, transfer method, and passage size, and provide a comprehensive
overview of both established and emerging acceleration methods. These techniques are categorized based on
portability (applicability across different microorganisms), genomic targetability (specificity of mutagenesis),
and reliability (minimal off-target mutations and mutational reproducibility), with the resulting framework
for selecting the most suitable approach summarized in Table 3 at the end of the review. We highlight the
growing potential of accelerated ALE and outline future directions, including the integration of genome-wide
and targeted mutagenesis, computational modeling, laboratory automation, and broader application beyond
model organisms. This review aims to streamline the use of accelerated ALE, unlocking its true potential for
advancing microbial strain engineering.}},
  articleno    = {{108741}},
  author       = {{Declerck, Luna and Bouchon, Florent and Demeester, Wouter and Guidi, Chiara and De Mey, Marjan}},
  issn         = {{0734-9750}},
  journal      = {{BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES}},
  keywords     = {{Accelerated adaptive laboratory evolution,Mutagenesis techniques,Microbial cell factories,Experimental design optimization,Microbial fitness,Phenotypic optimization,CONTINUOUS DIRECTED EVOLUTION,ESCHERICHIA-COLI,SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE,TRANSCRIPTION MACHINERY,MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION,YEAST,MUTAGENESIS,ADAPTATION,MUTATIONS,TOLERANCE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{25}},
  title        = {{Accelerated adaptive laboratory evolution : a tool for evolutionary biotechnology}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108741}},
  volume       = {{86}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

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