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Conceptual intersections of autistic characteristics, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and personality in autistic youth : a network analysis

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Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the interrelations between autistic characteristics, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and personality traits in autistic youth. While these psychological constructs are individually well-established, their simultaneous associations have not been comprehensively assessed.MethodsA sample of 434 parents of autistic children and adolescents (ages 6-18; M = 11.5 years, SD = 3.0; 69% boys) completed standardized questionnaires assessing their child's autistic characteristics (SRS-2, RBS-R), internalizing and externalizing behaviors (CBCL), and and Five Factor personality traits (HiPIC). Network analysis was employed to explore how the intersections of these constructs when assessed as a comprehensive system.ResultsResults showed clear associations between personality and both internalizing and externalizing problems in the network, suggesting personality and internalizing/externalizing are distinct yet related constructs. In contrast, core autistic characteristics appeared more distantly linked. Strong inverse associations emerged between Benevolence and Externalizing problems, and between Emotional Stability and Internalizing difficulties.ConclusionThese findings underscore the need for integrative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches addressing autistic, internalizing/externalizing, and personality-based behavior patterns. Such approaches may enhance individualized support and intervention planning by accounting for the complex interplay between these psychological domains.
Keywords
Personality, Autistic characteristics, Internalizing and externalizing behaviors, Autism, Network analysis

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MLA
Dewitte, Margo M. J., et al. “Conceptual Intersections of Autistic Characteristics, Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors, and Personality in Autistic Youth : A Network Analysis.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, 2025, doi:10.1007/s10803-025-07130-1.
APA
Dewitte, M. M. J., Van der Hallen, R., Prinzie, P., Warreyn, P., & De Pauw, S. (2025). Conceptual intersections of autistic characteristics, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and personality in autistic youth : a network analysis. JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-025-07130-1
Chicago author-date
Dewitte, Margo M. J., Ruth Van der Hallen, Peter Prinzie, Petra Warreyn, and Sarah De Pauw. 2025. “Conceptual Intersections of Autistic Characteristics, Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors, and Personality in Autistic Youth : A Network Analysis.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-025-07130-1.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Dewitte, Margo M. J., Ruth Van der Hallen, Peter Prinzie, Petra Warreyn, and Sarah De Pauw. 2025. “Conceptual Intersections of Autistic Characteristics, Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors, and Personality in Autistic Youth : A Network Analysis.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. doi:10.1007/s10803-025-07130-1.
Vancouver
1.
Dewitte MMJ, Van der Hallen R, Prinzie P, Warreyn P, De Pauw S. Conceptual intersections of autistic characteristics, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and personality in autistic youth : a network analysis. JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. 2025;
IEEE
[1]
M. M. J. Dewitte, R. Van der Hallen, P. Prinzie, P. Warreyn, and S. De Pauw, “Conceptual intersections of autistic characteristics, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and personality in autistic youth : a network analysis,” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, 2025.
@article{01KATZWTZD117MCDQPSE4QGWTB,
  abstract     = {{PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the interrelations between autistic characteristics, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and personality traits in autistic youth. While these psychological constructs are individually well-established, their simultaneous associations have not been comprehensively assessed.MethodsA sample of 434 parents of autistic children and adolescents (ages 6-18; M = 11.5 years, SD = 3.0; 69% boys) completed standardized questionnaires assessing their child's autistic characteristics (SRS-2, RBS-R), internalizing and externalizing behaviors (CBCL), and and Five Factor personality traits (HiPIC). Network analysis was employed to explore how the intersections of these constructs when assessed as a comprehensive system.ResultsResults showed clear associations between personality and both internalizing and externalizing problems in the network, suggesting personality and internalizing/externalizing are distinct yet related constructs. In contrast, core autistic characteristics appeared more distantly linked. Strong inverse associations emerged between Benevolence and Externalizing problems, and between Emotional Stability and Internalizing difficulties.ConclusionThese findings underscore the need for integrative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches addressing autistic, internalizing/externalizing, and personality-based behavior patterns. Such approaches may enhance individualized support and intervention planning by accounting for the complex interplay between these psychological domains.}},
  author       = {{Dewitte, Margo M. J. and Van der Hallen, Ruth and Prinzie, Peter and Warreyn, Petra and De Pauw, Sarah}},
  issn         = {{0162-3257}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS}},
  keywords     = {{Personality,Autistic characteristics,Internalizing and externalizing behaviors,Autism,Network analysis}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  title        = {{Conceptual intersections of autistic characteristics, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and personality in autistic youth : a network analysis}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-025-07130-1}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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