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A bit-level double counter enabling power-efficient high-bandwidth VCO-ADCs

Simon Ooghe (UGent) , Brendan Saux (UGent) , Tobias Cromheecke (UGent) , Johan Raman (UGent) and Pieter Rombouts (UGent)
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Abstract
In this brief, a counter structure which facilitates the design of a coarse-fine voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based analog-to-digital converter (ADC) at high bandwidths is presented. A key challenge is the asynchrony between the coarse and fine counters for which it is quantitatively proven that effective ambiguity resolution is necessary to obtain a sufficient performance. To achieve this, a latch-based, bit-level redundant coarse counter featuring fast ambiguity resolution and operating at high VCO frequencies is presented. Using this novel counter structure a power-efficient VCO-ADC with a core area of 0.007 mm2 and a post-layout simulated figure-of-merit of 168 dB at a bandwidth of 100 MHz is demonstrated.
Keywords
VCO, ADC, coarse-fine readout structure, double coarse counter, asynchrony, ambiguity resolution, Voltage-controlled oscillators, Delays, Bandwidth, Latches, Circuits, Power demand, Noise shaping, Decoding, Signal to noise ratio, Costs, DELTA-SIGMA ADC, DESIGN, FOM

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MLA
Ooghe, Simon, et al. “A Bit-Level Double Counter Enabling Power-Efficient High-Bandwidth VCO-ADCs.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS, vol. 72, no. 9, 2025, pp. 1133–37, doi:10.1109/tcsii.2025.3587495.
APA
Ooghe, S., Saux, B., Cromheecke, T., Raman, J., & Rombouts, P. (2025). A bit-level double counter enabling power-efficient high-bandwidth VCO-ADCs. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS, 72(9), 1133–1137. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2025.3587495
Chicago author-date
Ooghe, Simon, Brendan Saux, Tobias Cromheecke, Johan Raman, and Pieter Rombouts. 2025. “A Bit-Level Double Counter Enabling Power-Efficient High-Bandwidth VCO-ADCs.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 72 (9): 1133–37. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2025.3587495.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Ooghe, Simon, Brendan Saux, Tobias Cromheecke, Johan Raman, and Pieter Rombouts. 2025. “A Bit-Level Double Counter Enabling Power-Efficient High-Bandwidth VCO-ADCs.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS 72 (9): 1133–1137. doi:10.1109/tcsii.2025.3587495.
Vancouver
1.
Ooghe S, Saux B, Cromheecke T, Raman J, Rombouts P. A bit-level double counter enabling power-efficient high-bandwidth VCO-ADCs. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS. 2025;72(9):1133–7.
IEEE
[1]
S. Ooghe, B. Saux, T. Cromheecke, J. Raman, and P. Rombouts, “A bit-level double counter enabling power-efficient high-bandwidth VCO-ADCs,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS, vol. 72, no. 9, pp. 1133–1137, 2025.
@article{01K4SGY5QXG17G4363ZHN7K85X,
  abstract     = {{In this brief, a counter structure which facilitates the design of a coarse-fine voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-based analog-to-digital converter (ADC) at high bandwidths is presented. A key challenge is the asynchrony between the coarse and fine counters for which it is quantitatively proven that effective ambiguity resolution is necessary to obtain a sufficient performance. To achieve this, a latch-based, bit-level redundant coarse counter featuring fast ambiguity resolution and operating at high VCO frequencies is presented. Using this novel counter structure a power-efficient VCO-ADC with a core area of 0.007 mm2 and a post-layout simulated figure-of-merit of 168 dB at a bandwidth of 100 MHz is demonstrated.}},
  author       = {{Ooghe, Simon and Saux, Brendan and Cromheecke, Tobias and Raman, Johan and Rombouts, Pieter}},
  issn         = {{1549-7747}},
  journal      = {{IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS}},
  keywords     = {{VCO,ADC,coarse-fine readout structure,double coarse counter,asynchrony,ambiguity resolution,Voltage-controlled oscillators,Delays,Bandwidth,Latches,Circuits,Power demand,Noise shaping,Decoding,Signal to noise ratio,Costs,DELTA-SIGMA ADC,DESIGN,FOM}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{1133--1137}},
  title        = {{A bit-level double counter enabling power-efficient high-bandwidth VCO-ADCs}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2025.3587495}},
  volume       = {{72}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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