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Efficient modeling and optimization approach for grating-based flow cytometers

Adam Barzanji (UGent) , Thijs Ullrick (UGent) , Kristof Cools (UGent) , Tom Reep (UGent) , Niels Verellen, Gunay Yurtsever and Wim Bogaerts (UGent)
(2025) OPTICS EXPRESS. 33(3). p.4604-4624
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Abstract
This work presents a computationally efficient transmission matrix model and optimization scheme for the design of silicon nitride grating couplers in integrated scattering- based flow cytometry systems. The proposed model accurately simulates the optical power flow through the grating coupler and microfluidic channel system, enabling precise evaluation of the transient associated with a polystyrene bead's passage through the channel. The transmission matrix model yields a four to five orders-of-magnitude improvement in computational efficiency compared to a finite difference time domain solver, making it suitable for optimization loops consisting of many iterations and objective function evaluations. The model's computational speed is leveraged to quickly simulate the effect of variations in bead dimensions or position in the channel. The model is incorporated into a Bayesian optimization scheme that maximizes the peak to baseline height of the transient by tuning the parameters of both uniform and linearly apodized grating configurations. Results demonstrate a linearly apodized grating configuration, optimized for a dynamic system, yields a 2.49 dB improvement in peak to baseline transmission on the best uniform grating configuration, optimized for a static system. (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement
Keywords
COUPLERS, INTEGRATION, PLATFORM, DESIGN

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MLA
Barzanji, Adam, et al. “Efficient Modeling and Optimization Approach for Grating-Based Flow Cytometers.” OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 33, no. 3, 2025, pp. 4604–24, doi:10.1364/OE.547368.
APA
Barzanji, A., Ullrick, T., Cools, K., Reep, T., Verellen, N., Yurtsever, G., & Bogaerts, W. (2025). Efficient modeling and optimization approach for grating-based flow cytometers. OPTICS EXPRESS, 33(3), 4604–4624. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.547368
Chicago author-date
Barzanji, Adam, Thijs Ullrick, Kristof Cools, Tom Reep, Niels Verellen, Gunay Yurtsever, and Wim Bogaerts. 2025. “Efficient Modeling and Optimization Approach for Grating-Based Flow Cytometers.” OPTICS EXPRESS 33 (3): 4604–24. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.547368.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Barzanji, Adam, Thijs Ullrick, Kristof Cools, Tom Reep, Niels Verellen, Gunay Yurtsever, and Wim Bogaerts. 2025. “Efficient Modeling and Optimization Approach for Grating-Based Flow Cytometers.” OPTICS EXPRESS 33 (3): 4604–4624. doi:10.1364/OE.547368.
Vancouver
1.
Barzanji A, Ullrick T, Cools K, Reep T, Verellen N, Yurtsever G, et al. Efficient modeling and optimization approach for grating-based flow cytometers. OPTICS EXPRESS. 2025;33(3):4604–24.
IEEE
[1]
A. Barzanji et al., “Efficient modeling and optimization approach for grating-based flow cytometers,” OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 4604–4624, 2025.
@article{01K071ADDNKEQMMD87WHZ41ZG3,
  abstract     = {{This work presents a computationally efficient transmission matrix model and optimization scheme for the design of silicon nitride grating couplers in integrated scattering- based flow cytometry systems. The proposed model accurately simulates the optical power flow through the grating coupler and microfluidic channel system, enabling precise evaluation of the transient associated with a polystyrene bead's passage through the channel. The transmission matrix model yields a four to five orders-of-magnitude improvement in computational efficiency compared to a finite difference time domain solver, making it suitable for optimization loops consisting of many iterations and objective function evaluations. The model's computational speed is leveraged to quickly simulate the effect of variations in bead dimensions or position in the channel. The model is incorporated into a Bayesian optimization scheme that maximizes the peak to baseline height of the transient by tuning the parameters of both uniform and linearly apodized grating configurations. Results demonstrate a linearly apodized grating configuration, optimized for a dynamic system, yields a 2.49 dB improvement in peak to baseline transmission on the best uniform grating configuration, optimized for a static system. (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement}},
  author       = {{Barzanji, Adam and Ullrick, Thijs and Cools, Kristof and Reep, Tom and Verellen, Niels and Yurtsever, Gunay and Bogaerts, Wim}},
  issn         = {{1094-4087}},
  journal      = {{OPTICS EXPRESS}},
  keywords     = {{COUPLERS,INTEGRATION,PLATFORM,DESIGN}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{4604--4624}},
  title        = {{Efficient modeling and optimization approach for grating-based flow cytometers}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1364/OE.547368}},
  volume       = {{33}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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