Manipulation unraveled : a new framework to analyze the impact of tournament design on manipulation opportunities
- Author
- Karel Devriesere (UGent) , Dries Goossens (UGent) and Annick Willem (UGent)
- Organization
- Project
- Abstract
- Manipulation in sports competitions is widespread, but knowledge about how tournament design creates opportunities for manipulation is limited and scattered. Therefore, the goal of this study is to first identify manipulation opportunities caused by the way tournaments are designed. Secondly, we analyze which tournament designs are most vulnerable and most robust towards each opportunity. Based on a thorough review of a broad range of literature, a framework is developed to categorize manipulation opportunities. The proposed framework consists of two dimensions: whether benefits are guaranteed, and whether cooperation is needed. If the possibility of manipulation cannot be avoided, we present remedies from the literature that mitigate these opportunities. Finally, we present a flowchart that shows the impact of tournament design on the occurrence of manipulation opportunities. This framework provides valuable insights for managers and practitioners who wish to limit manipulation in sports tournaments.
- Keywords
- Competition format, incentive compatibility, qualification, rules, tie-breaking, LEAGUE FORMATS, TIE-BREAKING, MATCH, CORRUPTION, RANKING, COLLUSION, EFFICACY, GAMES, SUMO, CUP
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Citation
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-01K070HSPBZDZEM4Q2HZHXF5FD
- MLA
- Devriesere, Karel, et al. “Manipulation Unraveled : A New Framework to Analyze the Impact of Tournament Design on Manipulation Opportunities.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING, vol. 21, no. 1, 2025, pp. 638–52, doi:10.1177/17479541251339972.
- APA
- Devriesere, K., Goossens, D., & Willem, A. (2025). Manipulation unraveled : a new framework to analyze the impact of tournament design on manipulation opportunities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING, 21(1), 638–652. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541251339972
- Chicago author-date
- Devriesere, Karel, Dries Goossens, and Annick Willem. 2025. “Manipulation Unraveled : A New Framework to Analyze the Impact of Tournament Design on Manipulation Opportunities.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING 21 (1): 638–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541251339972.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Devriesere, Karel, Dries Goossens, and Annick Willem. 2025. “Manipulation Unraveled : A New Framework to Analyze the Impact of Tournament Design on Manipulation Opportunities.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING 21 (1): 638–652. doi:10.1177/17479541251339972.
- Vancouver
- 1.Devriesere K, Goossens D, Willem A. Manipulation unraveled : a new framework to analyze the impact of tournament design on manipulation opportunities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING. 2025;21(1):638–52.
- IEEE
- [1]K. Devriesere, D. Goossens, and A. Willem, “Manipulation unraveled : a new framework to analyze the impact of tournament design on manipulation opportunities,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 638–652, 2025.
@article{01K070HSPBZDZEM4Q2HZHXF5FD,
abstract = {{Manipulation in sports competitions is widespread, but knowledge about how tournament design creates opportunities for manipulation is limited and scattered. Therefore, the goal of this study is to first identify manipulation opportunities caused by the way tournaments are designed. Secondly, we analyze which tournament designs are most vulnerable and most robust towards each opportunity. Based on a thorough review of a broad range of literature, a framework is developed to categorize manipulation opportunities. The proposed framework consists of two dimensions: whether benefits are guaranteed, and whether cooperation is needed. If the possibility of manipulation cannot be avoided, we present remedies from the literature that mitigate these opportunities. Finally, we present a flowchart that shows the impact of tournament design on the occurrence of manipulation opportunities. This framework provides valuable insights for managers and practitioners who wish to limit manipulation in sports tournaments.}},
author = {{Devriesere, Karel and Goossens, Dries and Willem, Annick}},
issn = {{1747-9541}},
journal = {{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING}},
keywords = {{Competition format,incentive compatibility,qualification,rules,tie-breaking,LEAGUE FORMATS,TIE-BREAKING,MATCH,CORRUPTION,RANKING,COLLUSION,EFFICACY,GAMES,SUMO,CUP}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{638--652}},
title = {{Manipulation unraveled : a new framework to analyze the impact of tournament design on manipulation opportunities}},
url = {{http://doi.org/10.1177/17479541251339972}},
volume = {{21}},
year = {{2025}},
}
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