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E2FA is a major transcription factor controlling the mitotic cycle and the endocycle in nematode‐induced feeding sites

Danila Cabral, José Dijair Antonino, José Lozano, Kércya Simões de Siqueira, Xinrong Wang, Geert Smant, Gilbert Engler, Lieven De Veylder (UGent) and Janice de Almeida Engler (UGent)
(2025) NEW PHYTOLOGIST. 247(2). p.830-849
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Abstract
Plant host cell-cycle hyperactivation is essential for nematode feeding site (NFS) ontogenesis, but the balanced mitotic and endoreplication cycles must occur for homeostasis. Alterations in core cell cycle gene expression are well known to disturb root-knot and cyst-NFS development. Herein, our investigation focused on the activity of E2FA and E2FB transcription factors in root-knot nematode-induced galls in Arabidopsis thaliana controlling both the mitotic and endocycles through the activation of S-phase cell cycle genes. The roles of the two plant E2F activators during cell cycle progression in galls were compared with syncytia induced by cyst nematodes. E2FA and E2FB transcripts were highly expressed in both galls and syncytia. Loss-of-function analysis revealed that the absence of E2FA and E2FB impaired feeding-site development, resulting in significantly reduced gall development and nematode reproduction. Transcript analysis of galls upon E2FA and E2FB loss-of-function compared with that of wild-type revealed differential expression of selected target genes operating during S phase. Although our results imply the functional interplay of E2FA and E2FB for gall development, we recognize that E2FA alone commands and sustains cell division as well as the endocycle in galls and syncytia, whereas E2FB is likely partaking in nematode-induced gall initiation.
Keywords
Arabidopsis thaliana, E2F, cell cycle, endocycle, galls, nematodes, syncytia, transcription factors, GENOME-WIDE IDENTIFICATION, PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, CELL-PROLIFERATION, ECTOPIC EXPRESSION, GIANT-CELLS, DNA, GENES, ROOT, ENDOREDUPLICATION

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Citation

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MLA
Cabral, Danila, et al. “E2FA Is a Major Transcription Factor Controlling the Mitotic Cycle and the Endocycle in Nematode‐induced Feeding Sites.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST, vol. 247, no. 2, 2025, pp. 830–49, doi:10.1111/nph.70227.
APA
Cabral, D., Antonino, J. D., Lozano, J., Simões de Siqueira, K., Wang, X., Smant, G., … de Almeida Engler, J. (2025). E2FA is a major transcription factor controlling the mitotic cycle and the endocycle in nematode‐induced feeding sites. NEW PHYTOLOGIST, 247(2), 830–849. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70227
Chicago author-date
Cabral, Danila, José Dijair Antonino, José Lozano, Kércya Simões de Siqueira, Xinrong Wang, Geert Smant, Gilbert Engler, Lieven De Veylder, and Janice de Almeida Engler. 2025. “E2FA Is a Major Transcription Factor Controlling the Mitotic Cycle and the Endocycle in Nematode‐induced Feeding Sites.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST 247 (2): 830–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70227.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Cabral, Danila, José Dijair Antonino, José Lozano, Kércya Simões de Siqueira, Xinrong Wang, Geert Smant, Gilbert Engler, Lieven De Veylder, and Janice de Almeida Engler. 2025. “E2FA Is a Major Transcription Factor Controlling the Mitotic Cycle and the Endocycle in Nematode‐induced Feeding Sites.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST 247 (2): 830–849. doi:10.1111/nph.70227.
Vancouver
1.
Cabral D, Antonino JD, Lozano J, Simões de Siqueira K, Wang X, Smant G, et al. E2FA is a major transcription factor controlling the mitotic cycle and the endocycle in nematode‐induced feeding sites. NEW PHYTOLOGIST. 2025;247(2):830–49.
IEEE
[1]
D. Cabral et al., “E2FA is a major transcription factor controlling the mitotic cycle and the endocycle in nematode‐induced feeding sites,” NEW PHYTOLOGIST, vol. 247, no. 2, pp. 830–849, 2025.
@article{01JWY6BWX5KK4RJN111FA1N934,
  abstract     = {{Plant host cell-cycle hyperactivation is essential for nematode feeding site (NFS) ontogenesis, but the balanced mitotic and endoreplication cycles must occur for homeostasis. Alterations in core cell cycle gene expression are well known to disturb root-knot and cyst-NFS development. Herein, our investigation focused on the activity of E2FA and E2FB transcription factors in root-knot nematode-induced galls in Arabidopsis thaliana controlling both the mitotic and endocycles through the activation of S-phase cell cycle genes. The roles of the two plant E2F activators during cell cycle progression in galls were compared with syncytia induced by cyst nematodes. E2FA and E2FB transcripts were highly expressed in both galls and syncytia. Loss-of-function analysis revealed that the absence of E2FA and E2FB impaired feeding-site development, resulting in significantly reduced gall development and nematode reproduction. Transcript analysis of galls upon E2FA and E2FB loss-of-function compared with that of wild-type revealed differential expression of selected target genes operating during S phase. Although our results imply the functional interplay of E2FA and E2FB for gall development, we recognize that E2FA alone commands and sustains cell division as well as the endocycle in galls and syncytia, whereas E2FB is likely partaking in nematode-induced gall initiation.}},
  author       = {{Cabral, Danila and Antonino, José Dijair and Lozano, José and Simões de Siqueira, Kércya and Wang, Xinrong and Smant, Geert and Engler, Gilbert and De Veylder, Lieven and de Almeida Engler, Janice}},
  issn         = {{0028-646X}},
  journal      = {{NEW PHYTOLOGIST}},
  keywords     = {{Arabidopsis thaliana,E2F,cell cycle,endocycle,galls,nematodes,syncytia,transcription factors,GENOME-WIDE IDENTIFICATION,PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES,ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA,CELL-PROLIFERATION,ECTOPIC EXPRESSION,GIANT-CELLS,DNA,GENES,ROOT,ENDOREDUPLICATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{830--849}},
  title        = {{E2FA is a major transcription factor controlling the mitotic cycle and the endocycle in nematode‐induced feeding sites}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70227}},
  volume       = {{247}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}
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