@article{01JVYQ729NC5YGXG662HKGTAKZ,
  abstract     = {{Objective Health effects of different physical activity domains (ie, during leisure time, work and transport) are generally considered positive. Using Active Worker consortium data, we assessed independent associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity (OPA and LTPA) with all-cause mortality.

Design Two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis.

Data source Published and unpublished cohort study data.

Eligibility criteria Working participants aged 18-65 years.

Methods After data harmonisation, we assessed associations of OPA and LTPA with all-cause mortality. In stage 1, we analysed data from each study separately using Cox survival regression, and in stage 2, we pooled individual study findings with random-effects modelling.

Results In 22 studies with up to 590497 participants from 11 countries, during a mean follow-up of 23.1 (SD: 6.8) years, 99743 (16%) participants died. Adjusted for LTPA, body mass index, age, smoking and education level, summary (ie, stage 2) hazard ration (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for low, moderate and high OPA among men (n=296134) were 1.01 (0.99 to 1.03), 1.05 (1.01 to 1.10) and 1.12 (1.03 to 1.23), respectively. For women (n=294364), HRs (95% CI) were 0.98 (0.92 to 1.04), 0.96 (0.92 to 1.00) and 0.97 (0.86 to 1.10), respectively. In contrast, higher levels of LTPA were inversely associated with mortality for both genders. For example, for women HR for low, moderate and high compared with sedentary LTPA were 0.85 (0.81 to 0.89), 0.78 (0.74 to 0.81) and 0.75 (0.65 to 0.88), respectively. Effects were attenuated when adjusting for income (although data on income were available from only 9 and 6 studies, for men and women, respectively).

Conclusion Our findings indicate that OPA may not result in the same beneficial health effects as LTPA.}},
  author       = {{Coenen, Pieter and Huysmans, Maaike A. and Holtermann, Andreas and Troiano, Richard P. and Mork, Paul Jarle and Krokstad, Steinar and Clays, Els and Cillekens, Bart and De Bacquer, Dirk and Aadahl, Mette and Karhus, Line Lund and Sjol, Anette and Andersen, Lars Bo and Kauhanen, Jussi and Voutilainen, Ari and Pulsford, Richard M. and Stamatakis, Emmanuel and Goldbourt, Uri and Peters, Annette and Thorand, Barbara and Rosengren, Annika and Bjoerck, Lena and Sprow, Kyle and Franzon, Kristin and Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel and Lujan-Barroso, Leila and Knutsson, Anders and Alfredsson, Lars and Bahls, Martin and Ittermann, Till and Kluttig, Alexander and Hassan, Lamiaa and Wanner, Miriam and Bopp, Matthias and Marott, Jacob Louis and Schnohr, Peter and Nordestgaard, Brge Grnne and Dalene, Knut Eirik and Ekelund, Ulf and Clausen, Johan and Jensen, Magnus Thorsten and Petersen, Christina Bjrk and Krause, Niklas and Twisk, Jos and van Mechelen, Willem and van der Beek, Allard J.}},
  issn         = {{0306-3674}},
  journal      = {{BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE}},
  keywords     = {{ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION,CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE,HEART-DISEASE,FOLLOW-UP,ACTIVITY PARADOX,RISK,HEALTH,MEN,WORK,LIFE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{24}},
  pages        = {{1527--1538}},
  title        = {{Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality : an individual participant data meta-analysis}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108117}},
  volume       = {{58}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

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