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Sustainable functional electrospun polyamide 11/halloysite derivatives nanofibrous membranes for water treatment applications

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Abstract
Membrane-based approaches are an exciting alternative for the filtration and remediation of polluted water and for the removal of different traditional and emerging contaminants. This work focuses on the design and development of sustainable bio-polymeric blends based on polyamide 11 (PA11) employed to produce different Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes (ENMs) through the electrospinning process. Moreover, different eco-friendly functional nanofillers based on hybrid halloysite (HNT) derivatives were employed as dopant agents of the starting polymeric blends in a ratio of 1, 2 and 5 wt% of PA11 to achieve better mechanical and thermal features as well as retention performances of specific wastewater organic contaminants. Chemical-physical and structural-morphological characterizations, concerning all the nanofillers and the obtained sustainable membranes, are reported as well as the removal and separation studies of two selected anionic and cationic dyes, methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) in a dead-end filtration apparatus. The newly developed composite ENMs, compared to pristine PA11 ones, show good tensile mechanical and thermal properties, and increased MO and MB removal rates, modulated by the different HNT derivatives employed. Dead-end filtration experiments were performed using 1 and 3 layers of each type of ENM revealing, for 1-layer PA11 ENMs containing HNT modified with octadecylphosphonic acid and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (PA11@C18_HNT_NH2) and dimethyloctadecyl[3(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammoniumchloride (PA11@HNT_N + C18), a selectivity towards the removal of the cationic dye MB with a separation efficiency of 69.8 and 73.3 % respectively. Hence, 3-layer PA11 ENMs doped with HNT functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (PA11@HNT_NH2) display the highest retention rate for MO and MB respectively of 100 and 89.8 %.
Keywords
Hybrid nanomaterials, Halloysite, Sol-gel, polyamide11, Electrospinning, Filtration membranes, Environmental remediation, HALLOYSITE NANOTUBES, NANOCOMPOSITES, PROGRESS, REMOVAL, SOLVENT

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MLA
Rando, Giulia, et al. “Sustainable Functional Electrospun Polyamide 11/Halloysite Derivatives Nanofibrous Membranes for Water Treatment Applications.” SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES, vol. 44, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01402.
APA
Rando, G., Geltmeyer, J., Sfameni, S., De Clerck, K., & Plutino, M. R. (2025). Sustainable functional electrospun polyamide 11/halloysite derivatives nanofibrous membranes for water treatment applications. SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES, 44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01402
Chicago author-date
Rando, Giulia, Jozefien Geltmeyer, Silvia Sfameni, Karen De Clerck, and Maria Rosaria Plutino. 2025. “Sustainable Functional Electrospun Polyamide 11/Halloysite Derivatives Nanofibrous Membranes for Water Treatment Applications.” SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES 44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01402.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Rando, Giulia, Jozefien Geltmeyer, Silvia Sfameni, Karen De Clerck, and Maria Rosaria Plutino. 2025. “Sustainable Functional Electrospun Polyamide 11/Halloysite Derivatives Nanofibrous Membranes for Water Treatment Applications.” SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES 44. doi:10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01402.
Vancouver
1.
Rando G, Geltmeyer J, Sfameni S, De Clerck K, Plutino MR. Sustainable functional electrospun polyamide 11/halloysite derivatives nanofibrous membranes for water treatment applications. SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES. 2025;44.
IEEE
[1]
G. Rando, J. Geltmeyer, S. Sfameni, K. De Clerck, and M. R. Plutino, “Sustainable functional electrospun polyamide 11/halloysite derivatives nanofibrous membranes for water treatment applications,” SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES, vol. 44, 2025.
@article{01JSXVZBNGDM4GJ5XANRJESTKK,
  abstract     = {{Membrane-based approaches are an exciting alternative for the filtration and remediation of polluted water and for the removal of different traditional and emerging contaminants. This work focuses on the design and development of sustainable bio-polymeric blends based on polyamide 11 (PA11) employed to produce different Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes (ENMs) through the electrospinning process. Moreover, different eco-friendly functional nanofillers based on hybrid halloysite (HNT) derivatives were employed as dopant agents of the starting polymeric blends in a ratio of 1, 2 and 5 wt% of PA11 to achieve better mechanical and thermal features as well as retention performances of specific wastewater organic contaminants. Chemical-physical and structural-morphological characterizations, concerning all the nanofillers and the obtained sustainable membranes, are reported as well as the removal and separation studies of two selected anionic and cationic dyes, methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) in a dead-end filtration apparatus. The newly developed composite ENMs, compared to pristine PA11 ones, show good tensile mechanical and thermal properties, and increased MO and MB removal rates, modulated by the different HNT derivatives employed. Dead-end filtration experiments were performed using 1 and 3 layers of each type of ENM revealing, for 1-layer PA11 ENMs containing HNT modified with octadecylphosphonic acid and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (PA11@C18_HNT_NH2) and dimethyloctadecyl[3(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammoniumchloride (PA11@HNT_N + C18), a selectivity towards the removal of the cationic dye MB with a separation efficiency of 69.8 and 73.3 % respectively. Hence, 3-layer PA11 ENMs doped with HNT functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (PA11@HNT_NH2) display the highest retention rate for MO and MB respectively of 100 and 89.8 %.}},
  articleno    = {{e01402}},
  author       = {{Rando, Giulia and Geltmeyer, Jozefien and Sfameni, Silvia and De Clerck, Karen and Plutino, Maria Rosaria}},
  issn         = {{2214-9937}},
  journal      = {{SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES}},
  keywords     = {{Hybrid nanomaterials,Halloysite,Sol-gel,polyamide11,Electrospinning,Filtration membranes,Environmental remediation,HALLOYSITE NANOTUBES,NANOCOMPOSITES,PROGRESS,REMOVAL,SOLVENT}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{14}},
  title        = {{Sustainable functional electrospun polyamide 11/halloysite derivatives nanofibrous membranes for water treatment applications}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01402}},
  volume       = {{44}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

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