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Prognostication of brain-metastasized patients receiving subsequent systemic therapy : a single-center long-term follow-up

Tijl Vermassen (UGent) , Charlotte Van Parijs, Stijn De Keukeleire (UGent) , Katrien Vandecasteele (UGent) and Sylvie Rottey (UGent)
(2025) CURRENT ONCOLOGY. 32(2).
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Abstract
Background. Survival of patients with brain metastases (BMs) is poor. It has become clear that targeted therapy has an effect on BMs and patient' prognosis. The question remains which patients benefit from additional systemic therapy. This assumption was evaluated in a large single-center cohort. Methods. Patients consecutively planned to undergo local radiotherapy for their BMs in 2006-2017 were selected (n = 200). Prognosis, using CERENAL, disease-specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA), and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group recursive partitioning analysis (RTOG RPA), was evaluated. Results. Ninety-three (46.5%) patients received at least one additional line of systemic therapy subsequent to the diagnosis of their BMs. The median overall survival (OS) was 6.3 months. Having received subsequent systemic therapy resulted in a more favorable OS (10.4 versus 3.9 months). Interestingly, using dichotomized scores, CERENAL showed prognostic properties in all patients for disease-specific survival on multivariate analysis, whereas RTOG RPA and DS-GPA were not withheld in the model. Lastly, only having a favorable DS-GPA resulted in prolonged progression-free survival for first systemic therapy following BM diagnosis. Conclusions. Receiving subsequent systemic therapy has a profound influence on outcome in patients with BMs, indicating the effect of systemic therapy on BMs. Use of the CERENAL brain prognostic score shows potential for further prognostication of patients with more favorable outcomes.
Keywords
brain metastases, targeted therapy, survival outcome, prognosis, retrospective analysis, ESTIMATING SURVIVAL, STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY, UPDATE, OSIMERTINIB, DIAGNOSIS, SCORES, INDEX, RPA

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MLA
Vermassen, Tijl, et al. “Prognostication of Brain-Metastasized Patients Receiving Subsequent Systemic Therapy : A Single-Center Long-Term Follow-Up.” CURRENT ONCOLOGY, vol. 32, no. 2, 2025, doi:10.3390/curroncol32020074.
APA
Vermassen, T., Van Parijs, C., De Keukeleire, S., Vandecasteele, K., & Rottey, S. (2025). Prognostication of brain-metastasized patients receiving subsequent systemic therapy : a single-center long-term follow-up. CURRENT ONCOLOGY, 32(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32020074
Chicago author-date
Vermassen, Tijl, Charlotte Van Parijs, Stijn De Keukeleire, Katrien Vandecasteele, and Sylvie Rottey. 2025. “Prognostication of Brain-Metastasized Patients Receiving Subsequent Systemic Therapy : A Single-Center Long-Term Follow-Up.” CURRENT ONCOLOGY 32 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32020074.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Vermassen, Tijl, Charlotte Van Parijs, Stijn De Keukeleire, Katrien Vandecasteele, and Sylvie Rottey. 2025. “Prognostication of Brain-Metastasized Patients Receiving Subsequent Systemic Therapy : A Single-Center Long-Term Follow-Up.” CURRENT ONCOLOGY 32 (2). doi:10.3390/curroncol32020074.
Vancouver
1.
Vermassen T, Van Parijs C, De Keukeleire S, Vandecasteele K, Rottey S. Prognostication of brain-metastasized patients receiving subsequent systemic therapy : a single-center long-term follow-up. CURRENT ONCOLOGY. 2025;32(2).
IEEE
[1]
T. Vermassen, C. Van Parijs, S. De Keukeleire, K. Vandecasteele, and S. Rottey, “Prognostication of brain-metastasized patients receiving subsequent systemic therapy : a single-center long-term follow-up,” CURRENT ONCOLOGY, vol. 32, no. 2, 2025.
@article{01JQNPTCN2HDCKJWFQV1VP6A6C,
  abstract     = {{Background. Survival of patients with brain metastases (BMs) is poor. It has become clear that targeted therapy has an effect on BMs and patient' prognosis. The question remains which patients benefit from additional systemic therapy. This assumption was evaluated in a large single-center cohort. Methods. Patients consecutively planned to undergo local radiotherapy for their BMs in 2006-2017 were selected (n = 200). Prognosis, using CERENAL, disease-specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA), and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group recursive partitioning analysis (RTOG RPA), was evaluated. Results. Ninety-three (46.5%) patients received at least one additional line of systemic therapy subsequent to the diagnosis of their BMs. The median overall survival (OS) was 6.3 months. Having received subsequent systemic therapy resulted in a more favorable OS (10.4 versus 3.9 months). Interestingly, using dichotomized scores, CERENAL showed prognostic properties in all patients for disease-specific survival on multivariate analysis, whereas RTOG RPA and DS-GPA were not withheld in the model. Lastly, only having a favorable DS-GPA resulted in prolonged progression-free survival for first systemic therapy following BM diagnosis. Conclusions. Receiving subsequent systemic therapy has a profound influence on outcome in patients with BMs, indicating the effect of systemic therapy on BMs. Use of the CERENAL brain prognostic score shows potential for further prognostication of patients with more favorable outcomes.}},
  articleno    = {{74}},
  author       = {{Vermassen, Tijl and Van Parijs, Charlotte and De Keukeleire, Stijn and Vandecasteele, Katrien and Rottey, Sylvie}},
  issn         = {{1198-0052}},
  journal      = {{CURRENT ONCOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{brain metastases,targeted therapy,survival outcome,prognosis,retrospective analysis,ESTIMATING SURVIVAL,STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY,UPDATE,OSIMERTINIB,DIAGNOSIS,SCORES,INDEX,RPA}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{15}},
  title        = {{Prognostication of brain-metastasized patients receiving subsequent systemic therapy : a single-center long-term follow-up}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32020074}},
  volume       = {{32}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}
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