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Expanding the toolkit for ploidy manipulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Antoine Van de Vloet (UGent) , Lucas Prost Boxoen (UGent) , Quinten Bafort (UGent) , Yunn Thet Paing (UGent) , Griet Casteleyn (UGent) , Lucile Jomat, Stéphane D. Lemaire, Olivier De Clerck (UGent) and Yves Van de Peer (UGent)
(2025) NEW PHYTOLOGIST. 246(3). p.1403-1412
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Abstract
Whole-genome duplications, widely observed in plant lineages, have significant evolutionary and ecological impacts. Yet, our current understanding of the direct implications of ploidy shifts on short- and long-term plant evolution remains fragmentary, necessitating further investigations across multiple ploidy levels. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a valuable model organism with profound potential to study the impact of ploidy increase on the longer term in a laboratory environment. This is partly due to the ability to increase the ploidy level. We developed a strategy to engineer ploidy in C. reinhardtii using noninterfering, antibiotic, selectable markers. This approach allows us to induce higher ploidy levels in C. reinhardtii and is applicable to field isolates, which expands beyond specific auxotroph laboratory strains and broadens the genetic diversity of parental haploid strains that can be crossed. We implement flow cytometry for precise measurement of the genome size of strains of different ploidy. We demonstrate the creation of diploids, triploids, and tetraploids by engineering North American field isolates, broadening the application of synthetic biology principles in C. reinhardtii. However, our newly formed triploids and tetraploids show signs of rapid aneuploidization. Our study greatly facilitates the application of C. reinhardtii to study polyploidy, in both fundamental and applied settings.
Keywords
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, experimental model, flow cytometry, mating, plant evolution, polyploidy, synthetic ploidy, transformation

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Citation

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MLA
Van de Vloet, Antoine, et al. “Expanding the Toolkit for Ploidy Manipulation in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST, vol. 246, no. 3, 2025, pp. 1403–12, doi:10.1111/nph.70095.
APA
Van de Vloet, A., Prost Boxoen, L., Bafort, Q., Yunn Thet Paing, Casteleyn, G., Jomat, L., … Van de Peer, Y. (2025). Expanding the toolkit for ploidy manipulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. NEW PHYTOLOGIST, 246(3), 1403–1412. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70095
Chicago author-date
Van de Vloet, Antoine, Lucas Prost Boxoen, Quinten Bafort, Yunn Thet Paing, Griet Casteleyn, Lucile Jomat, Stéphane D. Lemaire, Olivier De Clerck, and Yves Van de Peer. 2025. “Expanding the Toolkit for Ploidy Manipulation in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST 246 (3): 1403–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70095.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van de Vloet, Antoine, Lucas Prost Boxoen, Quinten Bafort, Yunn Thet Paing, Griet Casteleyn, Lucile Jomat, Stéphane D. Lemaire, Olivier De Clerck, and Yves Van de Peer. 2025. “Expanding the Toolkit for Ploidy Manipulation in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST 246 (3): 1403–1412. doi:10.1111/nph.70095.
Vancouver
1.
Van de Vloet A, Prost Boxoen L, Bafort Q, Yunn Thet Paing, Casteleyn G, Jomat L, et al. Expanding the toolkit for ploidy manipulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. NEW PHYTOLOGIST. 2025;246(3):1403–12.
IEEE
[1]
A. Van de Vloet et al., “Expanding the toolkit for ploidy manipulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,” NEW PHYTOLOGIST, vol. 246, no. 3, pp. 1403–1412, 2025.
@article{01JQ47H9VRZB6YRB8BTDS2B7WD,
  abstract     = {{Whole-genome duplications, widely observed in plant lineages, have significant evolutionary and ecological impacts. Yet, our current understanding of the direct implications of ploidy shifts on short- and long-term plant evolution remains fragmentary, necessitating further investigations across multiple ploidy levels. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a valuable model organism with profound potential to study the impact of ploidy increase on the longer term in a laboratory environment. This is partly due to the ability to increase the ploidy level. We developed a strategy to engineer ploidy in C. reinhardtii using noninterfering, antibiotic, selectable markers. This approach allows us to induce higher ploidy levels in C. reinhardtii and is applicable to field isolates, which expands beyond specific auxotroph laboratory strains and broadens the genetic diversity of parental haploid strains that can be crossed. We implement flow cytometry for precise measurement of the genome size of strains of different ploidy. We demonstrate the creation of diploids, triploids, and tetraploids by engineering North American field isolates, broadening the application of synthetic biology principles in C. reinhardtii. However, our newly formed triploids and tetraploids show signs of rapid aneuploidization. Our study greatly facilitates the application of C. reinhardtii to study polyploidy, in both fundamental and applied settings.}},
  author       = {{Van de Vloet, Antoine and Prost Boxoen, Lucas and Bafort, Quinten and Yunn Thet Paing and Casteleyn, Griet and Jomat, Lucile and Lemaire, Stéphane D. and De Clerck, Olivier and Van de Peer, Yves}},
  issn         = {{0028-646X}},
  journal      = {{NEW PHYTOLOGIST}},
  keywords     = {{Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,experimental model,flow cytometry,mating,plant evolution,polyploidy,synthetic ploidy,transformation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{1403--1412}},
  title        = {{Expanding the toolkit for ploidy manipulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70095}},
  volume       = {{246}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}
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