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Children with autism spectrum disorder in times of COVID-19 : examining emotional and behavioral problems, parental well-being, and resilience

Donna A. de Maat, Ruth van der Hallen, Pieter F. A. de Nijs, Kirsten Visser, Dennis Bastiaansen, Femke L. Truijens, Elisabeth H. M. van Rijen, Wietske Ester, Peter Prinzie (UGent) , Pauline W. Jansen, et al.
(2025) JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. 55(2). p.752-763
Author
Organization
Abstract
This longitudinal study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 62; M-age = 13 years) by measuring emotional and behavioral problems before and during the pandemic, and by comparing this change to a matched sample of children without ASD (n = 213; M-age = 16 years). Moreover, we examined whether indicators of parental well-being promoted resilience of children with ASD. Results showed that the mean change in problems did not differ between children with and without ASD. Importantly, some children showed an increase in problems, while others showed resilience. Parental well-being indicators were not related to resilience among children with ASD. The interindividual variability in responses, particularly among children with ASD, highlights the need for personalized support.
Keywords
COVID-19, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), emotional and behavioral, problems, parental well-being, resilience, MENTAL-HEALTH, GENERATION-R, ADOLESCENTS, STRESS, IMPACT, LONELINESS, FRIENDSHIP, MONITOR, ANXIETY

Citation

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MLA
de Maat, Donna A., et al. “Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Times of COVID-19 : Examining Emotional and Behavioral Problems, Parental Well-Being, and Resilience.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, vol. 55, no. 2, 2025, pp. 752–63, doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05846-y.
APA
de Maat, D. A., van der Hallen, R., de Nijs, P. F. A., Visser, K., Bastiaansen, D., Truijens, F. L., … Dekker, L. P. (2025). Children with autism spectrum disorder in times of COVID-19 : examining emotional and behavioral problems, parental well-being, and resilience. JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, 55(2), 752–763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05846-y
Chicago author-date
Maat, Donna A. de, Ruth van der Hallen, Pieter F. A. de Nijs, Kirsten Visser, Dennis Bastiaansen, Femke L. Truijens, Elisabeth H. M. van Rijen, et al. 2025. “Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Times of COVID-19 : Examining Emotional and Behavioral Problems, Parental Well-Being, and Resilience.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 55 (2): 752–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05846-y.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
de Maat, Donna A., Ruth van der Hallen, Pieter F. A. de Nijs, Kirsten Visser, Dennis Bastiaansen, Femke L. Truijens, Elisabeth H. M. van Rijen, Wietske Ester, Peter Prinzie, Pauline W. Jansen, and Linda P. Dekker. 2025. “Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Times of COVID-19 : Examining Emotional and Behavioral Problems, Parental Well-Being, and Resilience.” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 55 (2): 752–763. doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05846-y.
Vancouver
1.
de Maat DA, van der Hallen R, de Nijs PFA, Visser K, Bastiaansen D, Truijens FL, et al. Children with autism spectrum disorder in times of COVID-19 : examining emotional and behavioral problems, parental well-being, and resilience. JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. 2025;55(2):752–63.
IEEE
[1]
D. A. de Maat et al., “Children with autism spectrum disorder in times of COVID-19 : examining emotional and behavioral problems, parental well-being, and resilience,” JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 752–763, 2025.
@article{01JJV5EYV57FFZG48EQS1QVNZZ,
  abstract     = {{This longitudinal study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 62; M-age = 13 years) by measuring emotional and behavioral problems before and during the pandemic, and by comparing this change to a matched sample of children without ASD (n = 213; M-age = 16 years). Moreover, we examined whether indicators of parental well-being promoted resilience of children with ASD. Results showed that the mean change in problems did not differ between children with and without ASD. Importantly, some children showed an increase in problems, while others showed resilience. Parental well-being indicators were not related to resilience among children with ASD. The interindividual variability in responses, particularly among children with ASD, highlights the need for personalized support.}},
  author       = {{de Maat, Donna A. and van der Hallen, Ruth and de Nijs, Pieter F. A. and Visser, Kirsten and Bastiaansen, Dennis and Truijens, Femke L. and van Rijen, Elisabeth H. M. and Ester, Wietske and Prinzie, Peter and Jansen, Pauline W. and Dekker, Linda P.}},
  issn         = {{0162-3257}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS}},
  keywords     = {{COVID-19,autism spectrum disorder (ASD),emotional and behavioral,problems,parental well-being,resilience,MENTAL-HEALTH,GENERATION-R,ADOLESCENTS,STRESS,IMPACT,LONELINESS,FRIENDSHIP,MONITOR,ANXIETY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{752--763}},
  title        = {{Children with autism spectrum disorder in times of COVID-19 : examining emotional and behavioral problems, parental well-being, and resilience}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05846-y}},
  volume       = {{55}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}
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