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Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation using a commercially available canine cardiac panel

Amber Calewaert, Javier Palarea-Albaladejo, Robert Coultous, Paul Capewell, Eve Hanks, Annelies Decloedt (UGent) and Gunther van Loon (UGent)
(2025) EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL. 57(4). p.1001-1008
Author
Organization
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) has previously been used as a biomarker for cardiac disease in humans and dogs, however, studies in horses are not yet available. Objectives To determine if adult horses with moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation have a different serum miRNA expression profile compared to healthy controls. Study designRetrospective cross-sectional. Methods Serum samples from 77 adult horses with moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation and 77 healthy control horses were analysed using a commercial cardiac disease-specific miRNA panel previously used in dogs. Results The commercial canine cardiac miRNA panel had low discriminatory power as a biomarker for mitral valve regurgitation in adult horses. Sensitivity was 0.58 (95% Cl: 0.47-0.69) and specificity 0.57 (95% Cl: 0.46-0.68). Main limitations Clinical data were extracted retrospectively and currently there is no well-established criteria for grading mitral regurgitation in horses; there were few severe mitral regurgitation cases and the pathogenesis of mitral regurgitation was not considered. Controls were not matched by age, breed or sex. An assay developed for use in dogs was used. Conclusion Despite strong miRNA conservation across species, the commercially available canine cardiac miRNA panel failed as biomarker for mitral valve regurgitation in adult horses. Further research is needed to determine if an equine specific panel can be developed that performs better as biomarker for cardiac disease in horses.
Keywords
CIRCULATING MICRORNAS, BIOMARKERS, EXPRESSION, DISEASE, CANCER, biomarker, echocardiography, equine cardiology, horse, sequencing, valvular regurgitation

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MLA
Calewaert, Amber, et al. “Comparison of Serum MicroRNA in Healthy Horses and Horses with Moderate to Severe Mitral Valve Regurgitation Using a Commercially Available Canine Cardiac Panel.” EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, vol. 57, no. 4, 2025, pp. 1001–08, doi:10.1111/evj.14434.
APA
Calewaert, A., Palarea-Albaladejo, J., Coultous, R., Capewell, P., Hanks, E., Decloedt, A., & van Loon, G. (2025). Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation using a commercially available canine cardiac panel. EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, 57(4), 1001–1008. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14434
Chicago author-date
Calewaert, Amber, Javier Palarea-Albaladejo, Robert Coultous, Paul Capewell, Eve Hanks, Annelies Decloedt, and Gunther van Loon. 2025. “Comparison of Serum MicroRNA in Healthy Horses and Horses with Moderate to Severe Mitral Valve Regurgitation Using a Commercially Available Canine Cardiac Panel.” EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL 57 (4): 1001–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14434.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Calewaert, Amber, Javier Palarea-Albaladejo, Robert Coultous, Paul Capewell, Eve Hanks, Annelies Decloedt, and Gunther van Loon. 2025. “Comparison of Serum MicroRNA in Healthy Horses and Horses with Moderate to Severe Mitral Valve Regurgitation Using a Commercially Available Canine Cardiac Panel.” EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL 57 (4): 1001–1008. doi:10.1111/evj.14434.
Vancouver
1.
Calewaert A, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Coultous R, Capewell P, Hanks E, Decloedt A, et al. Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation using a commercially available canine cardiac panel. EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL. 2025;57(4):1001–8.
IEEE
[1]
A. Calewaert et al., “Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation using a commercially available canine cardiac panel,” EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 1001–1008, 2025.
@article{01JHG69687DQTNJV7JXZD2FYV1,
  abstract     = {{Background MicroRNA (miRNA) has previously been used as a biomarker for cardiac disease in humans and dogs, however, studies in horses are not yet available. Objectives To determine if adult horses with moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation have a different serum miRNA expression profile compared to healthy controls. Study designRetrospective cross-sectional. Methods Serum samples from 77 adult horses with moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation and 77 healthy control horses were analysed using a commercial cardiac disease-specific miRNA panel previously used in dogs. Results The commercial canine cardiac miRNA panel had low discriminatory power as a biomarker for mitral valve regurgitation in adult horses. Sensitivity was 0.58 (95% Cl: 0.47-0.69) and specificity 0.57 (95% Cl: 0.46-0.68). Main limitations Clinical data were extracted retrospectively and currently there is no well-established criteria for grading mitral regurgitation in horses; there were few severe mitral regurgitation cases and the pathogenesis of mitral regurgitation was not considered. Controls were not matched by age, breed or sex. An assay developed for use in dogs was used. Conclusion Despite strong miRNA conservation across species, the commercially available canine cardiac miRNA panel failed as biomarker for mitral valve regurgitation in adult horses. Further research is needed to determine if an equine specific panel can be developed that performs better as biomarker for cardiac disease in horses.}},
  author       = {{Calewaert, Amber and Palarea-Albaladejo, Javier and Coultous, Robert and Capewell, Paul and Hanks, Eve and Decloedt, Annelies and van Loon, Gunther}},
  issn         = {{0425-1644}},
  journal      = {{EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL}},
  keywords     = {{CIRCULATING MICRORNAS,BIOMARKERS,EXPRESSION,DISEASE,CANCER,biomarker,echocardiography,equine cardiology,horse,sequencing,valvular regurgitation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{1001--1008}},
  title        = {{Comparison of serum microRNA in healthy horses and horses with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation using a commercially available canine cardiac panel}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14434}},
  volume       = {{57}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}
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